Chapter 13
14 verses — switch translations with the toolbar below.
Scripture
KJV1Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God.
2Whosoever therefore resisteth the power, resisteth the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation.
3For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil. Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and thou shalt have praise of the same:
4For he is the minister of God to thee for good. But if thou do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth not the sword in vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil.
5Wherefore ye must needs be subject, not only for wrath, but also for conscience sake.
6For for this cause pay ye tribute also: for they are God’s ministers, attending continually upon this very thing.
7Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honour to whom honour.
8Owe no man any thing, but to love one another: for he that loveth another hath fulfilled the law.
9For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness, Thou shalt not covet; and if there be any other commandment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.
10Love worketh no ill to his neighbour: therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.
11And that, knowing the time, that now it is high time to awake out of sleep: for now is our salvation nearer than when we believed.
12The night is far spent, the day is at hand: let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armour of light.
13Let us walk honestly, as in the day; not in rioting and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and envying.
14But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh, to fulfil the lusts thereof.
“Love worketh no ill to his neighbour: therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.”
Overview
Paul instructs believers to submit to governing authorities, declaring that the powers that be are ordained of God and that resisting them is resisting the ordinance of God. He explains that rulers are ministers of God for good and bear the sword to execute wrath upon evildoers. He then summarizes the duty of love, teaching that love is the fulfilling of the law, and urges believers to wake from sleep and put on the armour of light, for the day of salvation is nearer than when they first believed.
Key Themes
Submission to Governing Authorities
Civil government is ordained by God and believers are to submit, not merely to avoid punishment but for conscience' sake, rendering taxes, custom, fear, and honour where due.
Love as the Fulfillment of the Law
All the commandments are summed up in this: 'Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself' — love worketh no ill to his neighbour and therefore fulfills the entire law.
The Urgency of the Present Hour
Believers are to cast off the works of darkness and put on the armour of light, living soberly as people who know the night is far spent and the day is at hand.
Study Questions
How do you understand the command to submit to governing authorities (vv. 1-2) when those authorities act unjustly or against God's commands?
What does it mean that the ruler is 'the minister of God to thee for good' (v. 4), and how does this shape a Christian view of government?
How does Paul's teaching that 'love is the fulfilling of the law' (v. 10) simplify and yet deepen the demands of the moral law?
What does it mean to 'put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh' (v. 14)?
How does the reminder that 'our salvation is nearer than when we believed' (v. 11) create urgency for holy living?
Connection to Christ
Paul's call to 'put on the Lord Jesus Christ' (v. 14) is the ultimate summary of Christian conduct. Christ is the armour of light believers are to wear. His love, lived out in His life and death, is the pattern for the love that fulfills the law. Every ethical command in this chapter flows from being clothed in Christ.
Personal Reflection
Take time to journal or meditate on what God is teaching you through Romans 13. How can these truths transform your thinking and actions today?