Chapter 23
Themes, discussion questions, Christ connections, and denomination lenses.
Just read this chapter →Scripture
KJV1He that is wounded in the stones, or hath his privy member cut off, shall not enter into the congregation of the LORD.
2A bastard shall not enter into the congregation of the LORD; even to his tenth generation shall he not enter into the congregation of the LORD.
3An Ammonite or Moabite shall not enter into the congregation of the LORD; even to their tenth generation shall they not enter into the congregation of the LORD for ever:
4Because they met you not with bread and with water in the way, when ye came forth out of Egypt; and because they hired against thee Balaam the son of Beor of Pethor of Mesopotamia, to curse thee.
5Nevertheless the LORD thy God would not hearken unto Balaam; but the LORD thy God turned the curse into a blessing unto thee, because the LORD thy God loved thee.
6Thou shalt not seek their peace nor their prosperity all thy days for ever.
7Thou shalt not abhor an Edomite; for he is thy brother: thou shalt not abhor an Egyptian; because thou wast a stranger in his land.
8The children that are begotten of them shall enter into the congregation of the LORD in their third generation.
9When the host goeth forth against thine enemies, then keep thee from every wicked thing.
10If there be among you any man, that is not clean by reason of uncleanness that chanceth him by night, then shall he go abroad out of the camp, he shall not come within the camp:
11But it shall be, when evening cometh on, he shall wash himself with water: and when the sun is down, he shall come into the camp again.
12Thou shalt have a place also without the camp, whither thou shalt go forth abroad:
13And thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon; and it shall be, when thou wilt ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee:
14For the LORD thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp, to deliver thee, and to give up thine enemies before thee; therefore shall thy camp be holy: that he see no unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee.
15Thou shalt not deliver unto his master the servant which is escaped from his master unto thee:
16He shall dwell with thee, even among you, in that place which he shall choose in one of thy gates, where it liketh him best: thou shalt not oppress him.
17There shall be no whore of the daughters of Israel, nor a sodomite of the sons of Israel.
18Thou shalt not bring the hire of a whore, or the price of a dog, into the house of the LORD thy God for any vow: for even both these are abomination unto the LORD thy God.
19Thou shalt not lend upon usury to thy brother; usury of money, usury of victuals, usury of any thing that is lent upon usury:
20Unto a stranger thou mayest lend upon usury; but unto thy brother thou shalt not lend upon usury: that the LORD thy God may bless thee in all that thou settest thine hand to in the land whither thou goest to possess it.
21When thou shalt vow a vow unto the LORD thy God, thou shalt not slack to pay it: for the LORD thy God will surely require it of thee; and it would be sin in thee.
22But if thou shalt forbear to vow, it shall be no sin in thee.
23That which is gone out of thy lips thou shalt keep and perform; even a freewill offering, according as thou hast vowed unto the LORD thy God, which thou hast promised with thy mouth.
24When thou comest into thy neighbour’s vineyard, then thou mayest eat grapes thy fill at thine own pleasure; but thou shalt not put any in thy vessel.
25When thou comest into the standing corn of thy neighbour, then thou mayest pluck the ears with thine hand; but thou shalt not move a sickle unto thy neighbour’s standing corn.
“For the LORD thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp, to deliver thee, and to give up thine enemies before thee; therefore shall thy camp be holy: that he see no unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee.”
Overview
Moses gives laws about who may and may not enter the assembly of the Lord. Ammonites and Moabites are excluded permanently because they did not welcome Israel and hired Balaam. Edomites and Egyptians may be admitted after the third generation. Laws address sanitary practices in the war camp, the protection of runaway slaves, the prohibition of cult prostitution, the prohibition of charging interest to a fellow Israelite, and the obligation to keep vows.
Key Themes
The Holiness of God's Assembly
Not everyone may enter God's assembly — there are conditions of membership that reflect God's holiness and historical dealings with nations.
Practical Holiness in the Camp
God commands sanitary practices in the war camp because 'the LORD thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp' — even hygiene is a spiritual matter when God is present.
Economic Ethics Among Brothers
Charging interest to a fellow Israelite is forbidden, teaching that economic relationships within God's community should be characterized by generosity, not exploitation.
Study Questions
Why are Ammonites and Moabites permanently excluded from the assembly while Edomites and Egyptians may eventually be admitted?
What does the sanitary law in the camp — 'the LORD thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp' (v. 14) — teach about the connection between physical cleanliness and spiritual holiness?
Why does God prohibit charging interest to a fellow Israelite but permit it toward foreigners?
What does the protection of runaway slaves (vv. 15-16) teach about God's concern for the oppressed?
How does the seriousness of vow-keeping in verses 21-23 relate to Jesus' teaching about oaths in the Sermon on the Mount?
Connection to Christ
Christ broke down the dividing wall between those included and excluded from God's assembly (Ephesians 2:14). In Him, there is 'neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free' — all who believe are welcomed into God's assembly through the blood of Christ.
Personal Reflection
Take time to journal or meditate on what God is teaching you through Deuteronomy 23. How can these truths transform your thinking and actions today?