Chapter 5
Themes, discussion questions, Christ connections, and denomination lenses.
Just read this chapter →Scripture
KJV1Then came all the tribes of Israel to David unto Hebron, and spake, saying, Behold, we are thy bone and thy flesh.
2Also in time past, when Saul was king over us, thou wast he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and the LORD said to thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be a captain over Israel.
3So all the elders of Israel came to the king to Hebron; and king David made a league with them in Hebron before the LORD: and they anointed David king over Israel.
4David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty years.
5In Hebron he reigned over Judah seven years and six months: and in Jerusalem he reigned thirty and three years over all Israel and Judah.
6And the king and his men went to Jerusalem unto the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land: which spake unto David, saying, Except thou take away the blind and the lame, thou shalt not come in hither: thinking, David cannot come in hither.
7Nevertheless David took the strong hold of Zion: the same is the city of David.
8And David said on that day, Whosoever getteth up to the gutter, and smiteth the Jebusites, and the lame and the blind, that are hated of David’s soul, he shall be chief and captain. Wherefore they said, The blind and the lame shall not come into the house.
9So David dwelt in the fort, and called it the city of David. And David built round about from Millo and inward.
10And David went on, and grew great, and the LORD God of hosts was with him.
11And Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David, and cedar trees, and carpenters, and masons: and they built David an house.
12And David perceived that the LORD had established him king over Israel, and that he had exalted his kingdom for his people Israel’s sake.
13And David took him more concubines and wives out of Jerusalem, after he was come from Hebron: and there were yet sons and daughters born to David.
14And these be the names of those that were born unto him in Jerusalem; Shammuah, and Shobab, and Nathan, and Solomon,
15Ibhar also, and Elishua, and Nepheg, and Japhia,
16And Elishama, and Eliada, and Eliphalet.
17But when the Philistines heard that they had anointed David king over Israel, all the Philistines came up to seek David; and David heard of it, and went down to the hold.
18The Philistines also came and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
19And David enquired of the LORD, saying, Shall I go up to the Philistines? wilt thou deliver them into mine hand? And the LORD said unto David, Go up: for I will doubtless deliver the Philistines into thine hand.
20And David came to Baalperazim, and David smote them there, and said, The LORD hath broken forth upon mine enemies before me, as the breach of waters. Therefore he called the name of that place Baalperazim.
21And there they left their images, and David and his men burned them.
22And the Philistines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
23And when David enquired of the LORD, he said, Thou shalt not go up; but fetch a compass behind them, and come upon them over against the mulberry trees.
24And let it be, when thou hearest the sound of a going in the tops of the mulberry trees, that then thou shalt bestir thyself: for then shall the LORD go out before thee, to smite the host of the Philistines.
25And David did so, as the LORD had commanded him; and smote the Philistines from Geba until thou come to Gazer.
“And David perceived that the LORD had established him king over Israel, and that he had exalted his kingdom for his people Israel's sake.”
Overview
All the tribes of Israel come to David at Hebron and anoint him king over the united kingdom. David is thirty years old and will reign forty years. He conquers the Jebusite stronghold of Jerusalem and makes it his capital — the City of David. Hiram of Tyre sends materials to build David's palace. David defeats the Philistines twice at the Valley of Rephaim after inquiring of the LORD, who gives him different strategies for each battle.
Key Themes
The United Kingdom Under God's King
All Israel's anointing of David fulfills God's promise and establishes the united monarchy — the kingdom that will become the pattern for the Messianic hope.
Jerusalem: God's Chosen City
David's capture of Jerusalem and establishment of it as his capital begins the city's role as the spiritual and political center of God's people for all time.
Inquiry Before Action
David's habit of inquiring of the LORD before battle — and receiving different instructions each time — demonstrates that faith requires fresh guidance, not formulaic repetition.
Study Questions
What is the significance of David waiting to be anointed by all Israel rather than seizing the northern tribes by force?
Why does David choose Jerusalem as his capital, and what makes it strategically and symbolically important?
Why does God give David different battle strategies for the two Philistine encounters (vv. 19-25)?
What does David's age — thirty at the start of his reign — and the length of his reign suggest typologically?
How does the recognition by Hiram of Tyre (v. 11) confirm that God has established David's kingdom?
Connection to Christ
David's anointing as king over all Israel at age thirty parallels Christ beginning His public ministry at age thirty (Luke 3:23). David's conquest of Jerusalem establishes the city that will become the setting for Christ's death, resurrection, and future reign. As David inquired of the LORD and received victory over the Philistines, Christ perfectly obeyed the Father in every engagement with the enemy, triumphing completely at the cross.
Personal Reflection
Take time to journal or meditate on what God is teaching you through 2 Samuel 5. How can these truths transform your thinking and actions today?