2 ChroniclesStudy Guide

Chapter 13

Themes, discussion questions, Christ connections, and denomination lenses.

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Scripture

KJV

1Now in the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam began Abijah to reign over Judah.

2He reigned three years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name also was Michaiah the daughter of Uriel of Gibeah. And there was war between Abijah and Jeroboam.

3And Abijah set the battle in array with an army of valiant men of war, even four hundred thousand chosen men: Jeroboam also set the battle in array against him with eight hundred thousand chosen men, being mighty men of valour.

4And Abijah stood up upon mount Zemaraim, which is in mount Ephraim, and said, Hear me, thou Jeroboam, and all Israel;

5Ought ye not to know that the LORD God of Israel gave the kingdom over Israel to David for ever, even to him and to his sons by a covenant of salt?

6Yet Jeroboam the son of Nebat, the servant of Solomon the son of David, is risen up, and hath rebelled against his lord.

7And there are gathered unto him vain men, the children of Belial, and have strengthened themselves against Rehoboam the son of Solomon, when Rehoboam was young and tenderhearted, and could not withstand them.

8And now ye think to withstand the kingdom of the LORD in the hand of the sons of David; and ye be a great multitude, and there are with you golden calves, which Jeroboam made you for gods.

9Have ye not cast out the priests of the LORD, the sons of Aaron, and the Levites, and have made you priests after the manner of the nations of other lands? so that whosoever cometh to consecrate himself with a young bullock and seven rams, the same may be a priest of them that are no gods.

10But as for us, the LORD is our God, and we have not forsaken him; and the priests, which minister unto the LORD, are the sons of Aaron, and the Levites wait upon their business:

11And they burn unto the LORD every morning and every evening burnt sacrifices and sweet incense: the shewbread also set they in order upon the pure table; and the candlestick of gold with the lamps thereof, to burn every evening: for we keep the charge of the LORD our God; but ye have forsaken him.

12And, behold, God himself is with us for our captain, and his priests with sounding trumpets to cry alarm against you. O children of Israel, fight ye not against the LORD God of your fathers; for ye shall not prosper.

13But Jeroboam caused an ambushment to come about behind them: so they were before Judah, and the ambushment was behind them.

14And when Judah looked back, behold, the battle was before and behind: and they cried unto the LORD, and the priests sounded with the trumpets.

15Then the men of Judah gave a shout: and as the men of Judah shouted, it came to pass, that God smote Jeroboam and all Israel before Abijah and Judah.

16And the children of Israel fled before Judah: and God delivered them into their hand.

17And Abijah and his people slew them with a great slaughter: so there fell down slain of Israel five hundred thousand chosen men.

18Thus the children of Israel were brought under at that time, and the children of Judah prevailed, because they relied upon the LORD God of their fathers.

19And Abijah pursued after Jeroboam, and took cities from him, Bethel with the towns thereof, and Jeshanah with the towns thereof, and Ephrain with the towns thereof.

20Neither did Jeroboam recover strength again in the days of Abijah: and the LORD struck him, and he died.

21But Abijah waxed mighty, and married fourteen wives, and begat twenty and two sons, and sixteen daughters.

22And the rest of the acts of Abijah, and his ways, and his sayings, are written in the story of the prophet Iddo.

Key Verse2 Chronicles 13:18

Thus the children of Israel were brought under at that time, and the children of Judah prevailed, because they relied upon the LORD God of their fathers.

Overview

Abijah of Judah faces Jeroboam of Israel in battle. Before fighting, Abijah delivers a speech from Mount Zemaraim, declaring that Judah has the legitimate priesthood, the proper worship of God, and the Davidic covenant. Despite being outnumbered two to one, Judah cries to the LORD and wins a decisive victory, killing 500,000 of Israel's troops. The Chronicler attributes the victory to Judah's reliance on God.

Key Themes

1

Legitimate Worship as the Basis for Confidence

Abijah's confidence in battle rests not on military strength but on the fact that Judah has maintained proper worship — God fights for those who worship Him truly.

2

The Power of Reliance on God

The phrase 'they relied upon the LORD God of their fathers' is the key to Judah's victory — trust in God trumps numerical advantage.

3

The Davidic Covenant in Battle

Abijah invokes the 'covenant of salt' with David, showing confidence that God's covenant commitment to David's house will be honored in crisis.

Study Questions

1.

What is the significance of Abijah's appeal to the Davidic covenant and legitimate worship?

2.

How does the phrase 'they relied upon the LORD' (v. 18) explain the outcome of the battle?

3.

What does Abijah mean by a 'covenant of salt' (v. 5)?

4.

How does the Chronicler's presentation of this battle differ from 1 Kings' account of Abijah?

5.

What does this chapter teach about the relationship between true worship and God's protective presence?

Connection to Christ

Judah's victory through reliance on God rather than military might foreshadows the victory of Christ, won not through worldly power but through the power of the cross. The covenant of salt — unbreakable and enduring — points to God's eternal covenant with David fulfilled in Christ, whose kingdom is secured by an unchangeable divine promise (Hebrews 6:17-18).

Personal Reflection

Take time to journal or meditate on what God is teaching you through 2 Chronicles 13. How can these truths transform your thinking and actions today?

2 Chronicles

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