Chapter 2
Themes, discussion questions, Christ connections, and denomination lenses.
Just read this chapter →Scripture
KJV1I said in mine heart, Go to now, I will prove thee with mirth, therefore enjoy pleasure: and, behold, this also is vanity.
2I said of laughter, It is mad: and of mirth, What doeth it?
3I sought in mine heart to give myself unto wine, yet acquainting mine heart with wisdom; and to lay hold on folly, till I might see what was that good for the sons of men, which they should do under the heaven all the days of their life.
4I made me great works; I builded me houses; I planted me vineyards:
5I made me gardens and orchards, and I planted trees in them of all kind of fruits:
6I made me pools of water, to water therewith the wood that bringeth forth trees:
7I got me servants and maidens, and had servants born in my house; also I had great possessions of great and small cattle above all that were in Jerusalem before me:
8I gathered me also silver and gold, and the peculiar treasure of kings and of the provinces: I gat me men singers and women singers, and the delights of the sons of men, as musical instruments, and that of all sorts.
9So I was great, and increased more than all that were before me in Jerusalem: also my wisdom remained with me.
10And whatsoever mine eyes desired I kept not from them, I withheld not my heart from any joy; for my heart rejoiced in all my labour: and this was my portion of all my labour.
11Then I looked on all the works that my hands had wrought, and on the labour that I had laboured to do: and, behold, all was vanity and vexation of spirit, and there was no profit under the sun.
12And I turned myself to behold wisdom, and madness, and folly: for what can the man do that cometh after the king? even that which hath been already done.
13Then I saw that wisdom excelleth folly, as far as light excelleth darkness.
14The wise man’s eyes are in his head; but the fool walketh in darkness: and I myself perceived also that one event happeneth to them all.
15Then said I in my heart, As it happeneth to the fool, so it happeneth even to me; and why was I then more wise? Then I said in my heart, that this also is vanity.
16For there is no remembrance of the wise more than of the fool for ever; seeing that which now is in the days to come shall all be forgotten. And how dieth the wise man? as the fool.
17Therefore I hated life; because the work that is wrought under the sun is grievous unto me: for all is vanity and vexation of spirit.
18Yea, I hated all my labour which I had taken under the sun: because I should leave it unto the man that shall be after me.
19And who knoweth whether he shall be a wise man or a fool? yet shall he have rule over all my labour wherein I have laboured, and wherein I have shewed myself wise under the sun. This is also vanity.
20Therefore I went about to cause my heart to despair of all the labour which I took under the sun.
21For there is a man whose labour is in wisdom, and in knowledge, and in equity; yet to a man that hath not laboured therein shall he leave it for his portion. This also is vanity and a great evil.
22For what hath man of all his labour, and of the vexation of his heart, wherein he hath laboured under the sun?
23For all his days are sorrows, and his travail grief; yea, his heart taketh not rest in the night. This is also vanity.
24There is nothing better for a man, than that he should eat and drink, and that he should make his soul enjoy good in his labour. This also I saw, that it was from the hand of God.
25For who can eat, or who else can hasten hereunto, more than I?
26For God giveth to a man that is good in his sight wisdom, and knowledge, and joy: but to the sinner he giveth travail, to gather and to heap up, that he may give to him that is good before God. This also is vanity and vexation of spirit.
“Then I looked on all the works that my hands had wrought, and on the labour that I had laboured to do: and, behold, all was vanity and vexation of spirit, and there was no profit under the sun.”
Overview
The Preacher conducts a grand experiment, testing pleasure, wine, great works, wealth, and entertainment to find satisfaction. Despite achieving more than any who came before him in Jerusalem, he concludes that all is vanity and vexation of spirit. He despairs that the wise man and the fool share the same fate in death, and that his labors will be left to an unknown successor. He concludes that the best a person can do is eat, drink, and enjoy the work God gives.
Key Themes
The Experiment with Pleasure
The Preacher tested every form of earthly pleasure and accomplishment and found that none could provide lasting satisfaction or meaning.
The Equality of Death
Death comes to the wise and foolish alike, making all earthly achievements seem ultimately meaningless apart from God.
Enjoyment as God's Gift
Despite the vanity of life, the Preacher affirms that eating, drinking, and finding enjoyment in labor come from the hand of God.
Study Questions
What does the Preacher's experiment (vv. 1-11) teach about the limits of pleasure and achievement?
How does the fact that death equalizes the wise and the foolish (vv. 14-16) affect your priorities?
What does it mean that enjoyment comes 'from the hand of God' (v. 24)?
How does the Preacher's conclusion challenge the modern pursuit of happiness through accumulation?
What is the difference between nihilism and the Preacher's honest assessment of life under the sun?
Connection to Christ
The Preacher's inability to find lasting satisfaction in earthly achievements points to the emptiness that only Christ can fill. Jesus told the woman at the well, 'Whosoever drinketh of this water shall thirst again: But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst' (John 4:13-14).
Personal Reflection
Take time to journal or meditate on what God is teaching you through Ecclesiastes 2. How can these truths transform your thinking and actions today?