1 Nephi 4
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Chapter 3 ended with Laman and Lemuel asking how the Lord could possibly deliver a man like Laban into their hands. Nephi answers with the Exodus. If the Lord could part the Red Sea and drown Pharaoh's army, He can handle Laban. The brothers follow him back to Jerusalem, still murmuring.
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1 Nephi 4:1-5Let Us Be Strong like unto Moses
1And it came to pass that I spake unto my brethren, saying: Let us go up again unto Jerusalem, and let us be faithful in keeping the commandments of the Lord; for behold he is mightier than all the earth, then why not mightier than Laban and his fifty, yea, or even than his tens of thousands? 2Therefore let us go up; let us be strong like unto Moses; for he truly spake unto the waters of the Red Sea and they divided hither and thither, and our fathers came through, out of captivity, on dry ground, and the armies of Pharaoh did follow and were drowned in the waters of the Red Sea. 3Now behold ye know that this is true; and ye also know that an angel hath spoken unto you; wherefore can ye doubt? Let us go up; the Lord is able to deliver us, even as our fathers, and to destroy Laban, even as the Egyptians.
Laman and Lemuel said Laban could command fifty men. Nephi answers: the Lord is mightier than all the earth. If He parted the Red Sea for Moses, He can deliver them from Laban.
4Now when I had spoken these words, they were yet wroth, and did still continue to murmur; nevertheless they did follow me up until we came without the walls of Jerusalem. 5And it was by night; and I caused that they should hide themselves without the walls. And after they had hid themselves, I, Nephi, crept into the city and went forth towards the house of Laban.
Laman and Lemuel are still angry, nevertheless they did follow. At night Nephi hides them outside the walls and goes into the city alone.
1 Nephi 4:6-9Not Knowing Beforehand
6And I was led by the Spirit, not knowing beforehand the things which I should do. 7Nevertheless I went forth, and as I came near unto the house of Laban I beheld a man, and he had fallen to the earth before me, for he was drunken with wine.
Nephi doesn't have a plan. He is led by the Spirit, not knowing beforehand what to do. Nevertheless I went forth. Revelation often comes one step at a time.
8And when I came to him I found that it was Laban. 9And I beheld his sword, and I drew it forth from the sheath thereof; and the hilt thereof was of pure gold, and the workmanship thereof was exceedingly fine, and I saw that the blade thereof was of the most precious steel.
Near Laban's house Nephi finds a man lying drunk on the ground. It is Laban.
1 Nephi 4:10-18I Did Obey the Voice of the Spirit
10And it came to pass that I was constrained by the Spirit that I should kill Laban; but I said in my heart: Never at any time have I shed the blood of man. And I shrunk and would that I might not slay him.
The Spirit tells Nephi to kill Laban. Nephi recoils: Never at any time have I shed the blood of man. He does not want to do it.
11And the Spirit said unto me again: Behold the Lord hath delivered him into thy hands. Yea, and I also knew that he had sought to take away mine own life; yea, and he would not hearken unto the commandments of the Lord; and he also had taken away our property. 12And it came to pass that the Spirit said unto me again: Slay him, for the Lord hath delivered him into thy hands; 13Behold the Lord slayeth the wicked to bring forth his righteous purposes. It is better that one man should perish than that a nation should dwindle and perish in unbelief.
The Spirit speaks three times. Laban had tried to kill the brothers, rejected God's commandments, and stolen from them. And without the plates, a whole future nation would dwindle and perish in unbelief.
14And now, when I, Nephi, had heard these words, I remembered the words of the Lord which he spake unto me in the wilderness, saying that: Inasmuch as thy seed shall keep my commandments, they shall prosper in the land of promise. 15Yea, and I also thought that they could not keep the commandments of the Lord according to the law of Moses, save they should have the law. 16And I also knew that the law was engraven upon the plates of brass. 17And again, I knew that the Lord had delivered Laban into my hands for this cause—that I might obtain the records according to his commandments.
Nephi remembers the Lord's promise from chapter 2. His children can't keep the commandments without the law, and the law is on the brass plates. Now he understands why.
18Therefore I did obey the voice of the Spirit, and took Laban by the hair of the head, and I smote off his head with his own sword.
Nephi obeys the Spirit and kills Laban. This was a unique command for a unique purpose. It is not a pattern for anyone else. Personal revelation will not lead us to break God's commandments.
1 Nephi 4:19-38Zoram Did Take Courage
19And after I had smitten off his head with his own sword, I took the garments of Laban and put them upon mine own body; yea, even every whit; and I did gird on his armor about my loins. 20And after I had done this, I went forth unto the treasury of Laban. And as I went forth towards the treasury of Laban, behold, I saw the servant of Laban who had the keys of the treasury. And I commanded him in the voice of Laban, that he should go with me into the treasury. 21And he supposed me to be his master, Laban, for he beheld the garments and also the sword girded about my loins. 22And he spake unto me concerning the elders of the Jews, he knowing that his master, Laban, had been out by night among them. 23And I spake unto him as if it had been Laban. 24And I also spake unto him that I should carry the engravings, which were upon the plates of brass, to my elder brethren, who were without the walls. 25And I also bade him that he should follow me. 26And he, supposing that I spake of the brethren of the church, and that I was truly that Laban whom I had slain, wherefore he did follow me. 27And he spake unto me many times concerning the elders of the Jews, as I went forth unto my brethren, who were without the walls.
Dressed in Laban's clothes, Nephi goes to the treasury. Laban's servant thinks Nephi is his master and brings out the plates. The way the Lord promised is finally open.
28And it came to pass that when Laman saw me he was exceedingly frightened, and also Lemuel and Sam. And they fled from before my presence; for they supposed it was Laban, and that he had slain me and had sought to take away their lives also. 29And it came to pass that I called after them, and they did hear me; wherefore they did cease to flee from my presence. 30And it came to pass that when the servant of Laban beheld my brethren he began to tremble, and was about to flee from before me and return to the city of Jerusalem. 31And now I, Nephi, being a man large in stature, and also having received much strength of the Lord, therefore I did seize upon the servant of Laban, and held him, that he should not flee. 32And it came to pass that I spake with him, that if he would hearken unto my words, as the Lord liveth, and as I live, even so that if he would hearken unto our words, we would spare his life. 33And I spake unto him, even with an oath, that he need not fear; that he should be a free man like unto us if he would go down in the wilderness with us. 34And I also spake unto him, saying: Surely the Lord hath commanded us to do this thing; and shall we not be diligent in keeping the commandments of the Lord? Therefore, if thou wilt go down into the wilderness to my father thou shalt have place with us.
Outside the walls, the brothers think Nephi is Laban and run. The servant realizes the truth and tries to flee. Nephi holds him and makes him an offer: come with us and be a free man like unto us.
35And it came to pass that Zoram did take courage at the words which I spake. Now Zoram was the name of the servant; and he promised that he would go down into the wilderness unto our father. Yea, and he also made an oath unto us that he would tarry with us from that time forth. 36Now we were desirous that he should tarry with us for this cause, that the Jews might not know concerning our flight into the wilderness, lest they should pursue us and destroy us. 37And it came to pass that when Zoram had made an oath unto us, our fears did cease concerning him. 38And it came to pass that we took the plates of brass and the servant of Laban, and departed into the wilderness, and journeyed unto the tent of our father.
The servant, Zoram, did take courage and swears an oath to stay with them. The brothers trust his word completely, and he keeps it for the rest of his life.
Research trail
Sources & further study
These references support the historical, linguistic, manuscript, and contextual notes in this chapter. Scripture remains the primary text; external sources are provided so readers can inspect the research directly.
- The Exodus Pattern in the Book of MormonShows how Nephi and later Book of Mormon writers told their deliverances in the language of Israel's exodus. Verses 2-3 are Nephi's first explicit appeal to it.
- Was Nephi's Slaying of Laban Legal?Summarizes John W. Welch's study of verses 6-18 against the law of Moses, which distinguished a killing plotted in advance from one where God deliver him into his hand (Exodus 21:13).
- Why Was the Sword of Laban So Important to Nephite Leaders?Traces the sword Nephi describes in verse 9 through later Nephite history, and notes scholars' comparison with David and the sword of Goliath.
- Oaths in the Book of MormonExplains why a simple oath could end the fears of both Zoram and Lehi's sons in verses 32-37, in light of ancient Israelite practice.
Where this echoes in Scripture
Let Us Be Strong like unto Moses
- Exodus 14:21-22The waters were divided. And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground.
- 1 Corinthians 10:1-4All our fathers… passed through the sea… and that Rock was Christ.Paul reads the Exodus as Christ's deliverance.
- 1 Nephi 17:23-27Do ye believe that our fathers, who were the children of Israel, would have been led away out of the hands of the Egyptians if they had not hearkened unto the words of the Lord?Nephi uses the same argument when building the ship.
- 1 Nephi 19:10The God of Abraham… yieldeth himself… as a man, into the hands of wicked men, to be lifted up.Nephi names the God of the fathers as the One who would be crucified.
Not Knowing Beforehand
- Hebrews 11:8He went out, not knowing whither he went.
- Proverbs 3:5-6Lean not unto thine own understanding… and he shall direct thy paths.
- 1 Nephi 18:1The Lord did show me from time to time after what manner I should work the timbers of the ship.The same pattern: guidance a step at a time.
- D&C 17:1Ye shall have a view of the plates, and also of the breastplate, the sword of Laban.The sword in the Restoration.
I Did Obey the Voice of the Spirit
- Exodus 21:12-13If a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee.The law of Moses on a killing that was not plotted.
- 1 Nephi 2:20Inasmuch as ye shall keep my commandments, ye shall prosper, and shall be led to a land of promise.The promise Nephi remembered.
- Jacob 4:5We keep the law of Moses, it pointing our souls to him.
- Mosiah 1:3-5Were it not for these plates… even our fathers would have dwindled in unbelief.King Benjamin confirms what the Spirit told Nephi.
- D&C 46:7That ye may not be seduced by evil spirits, or doctrines of devils, or the commandments of men.Why personal promptings must be tested.
Zoram Did Take Courage
- 2 Nephi 1:30-31I know that thou art a true friend unto my son, Nephi, forever.Lehi's blessing on Zoram years later.
- 1 Nephi 16:7Zoram took the eldest daughter of Ishmael to wife.Zoram becomes family.
- Numbers 30:2If a man… swear an oath to bind his soul with a bond; he shall not break his word.
- Alma 54:23I am Ammoron, and a descendant of Zoram.Centuries later, a descendant of Zoram tells the story very differently.