2 Nephi 2
People in this chapter
Lehi's son Jacob grew up in the desert and on a ship, watching his older brothers threaten his father and tie up Nephi. Lehi begins this blessing by naming that hurt plainly: in thy childhood thou hast suffered afflictions and much sorrow, because of the rudeness of thy brethren (v. 1). Then he gives his son one of the most important doctrinal sermons in the Book of Mormon.
Tap any highlighted phrase to jump to the commentary that unpacks it.
2 Nephi 2:1-4He Shall Consecrate Thine Afflictions for Thy Gain
1And now, Jacob, I speak unto you: Thou art my firstborn in the days of my tribulation in the wilderness. And behold, in thy childhood thou hast suffered afflictions and much sorrow, because of the rudeness of thy brethren. 2Nevertheless, Jacob, my firstborn in the wilderness, thou knowest the greatness of God; and he shall consecrate thine afflictions for thy gain.
Jacob suffered as a child because of his brothers. Lehi doesn't pretend it didn't happen. He promises that God shall consecrate thine afflictions for thy gain. God can make even our hardest experiences holy and useful.
3Wherefore, thy soul shall be blessed, and thou shalt dwell safely with thy brother, Nephi; and thy days shall be spent in the service of thy God. Wherefore, I know that thou art redeemed, because of the righteousness of thy Redeemer; for thou hast beheld that in the fulness of time he cometh to bring salvation unto men. 4And thou hast beheld in thy youth his glory; wherefore, thou art blessed even as they unto whom he shall minister in the flesh; for the Spirit is the same, yesterday, today, and forever. And the way is prepared from the fall of man, and salvation is free.
Jacob had seen the Savior's glory while still young. Lehi says he is redeemed because of the righteousness of thy Redeemer, not his own. The way back to God was prepared from the fall of man, and salvation is free.
2 Nephi 2:5-10Redemption Cometh in and through the Holy Messiah
5And men are instructed sufficiently that they know good from evil. And the law is given unto men. And by the law no flesh is justified; or, by the law men are cut off. Yea, by the temporal law they were cut off; and also, by the spiritual law they perish from that which is good, and become miserable forever.
Everyone knows enough to tell good from evil. But knowing God's law can't save anyone, because everyone breaks it. By the law alone, we are cut off.
6Wherefore, redemption cometh in and through the Holy Messiah; for he is full of grace and truth. 7Behold, he offereth himself a sacrifice for sin, to answer the ends of the law, unto all those who have a broken heart and a contrite spirit; and unto none else can the ends of the law be answered.
Christ's sacrifice reaches those with a broken heart and a contrite spirit: people humble enough to admit they need Him and willing to change.
8Wherefore, how great the importance to make these things known unto the inhabitants of the earth, that they may know that there is no flesh that can dwell in the presence of God, save it be through the merits, and mercy, and grace of the Holy Messiah, who layeth down his life according to the flesh, and taketh it again by the power of the Spirit, that he may bring to pass the resurrection of the dead, being the first that should rise. 9Wherefore, he is the firstfruits unto God, inasmuch as he shall make intercession for all the children of men; and they that believe in him shall be saved. 10And because of the intercession for all, all men come unto God; wherefore, they stand in the presence of him, to be judged of him according to the truth and holiness which is in him. Wherefore, the ends of the law which the Holy One hath given, unto the inflicting of the punishment which is affixed, which punishment that is affixed is in opposition to that of the happiness which is affixed, to answer the ends of the atonement—
No one can live with God except through the Savior's merits, and mercy, and grace. That is why Lehi says it is so important to make these things known to everyone.
2 Nephi 2:11-16An Opposition in All Things
11For it must needs be, that there is an opposition in all things. If not so, my firstborn in the wilderness, righteousness could not be brought to pass, neither wickedness, neither holiness nor misery, neither good nor bad. Wherefore, all things must needs be a compound in one; wherefore, if it should be one body it must needs remain as dead, having no life neither death, nor corruption nor incorruption, happiness nor misery, neither sense nor insensibility. 12Wherefore, it must needs have been created for a thing of naught; wherefore there would have been no purpose in the end of its creation. Wherefore, this thing must needs destroy the wisdom of God and his eternal purposes, and also the power, and the mercy, and the justice of God.
Without opposites, there could be no righteousness or wickedness, no happiness or misery. Everything would be one body, lifeless and pointless. Opposition is part of God's design.
13And if ye shall say there is no law, ye shall also say there is no sin. If ye shall say there is no sin, ye shall also say there is no righteousness. And if there be no righteousness there be no happiness. And if there be no righteousness nor happiness there be no punishment nor misery. And if these things are not there is no God. And if there is no God we are not, neither the earth; for there could have been no creation of things, neither to act nor to be acted upon; wherefore, all things must have vanished away. 14And now, my sons, I speak unto you these things for your profit and learning; for there is a God, and he hath created all things, both the heavens and the earth, and all things that in them are, both things to act and things to be acted upon.
Lehi reasons step by step: no law means no sin, no righteousness, no happiness, and finally no God and no us. But we exist. There is a God, and He created a world where we can act.
15And to bring about his eternal purposes in the end of man, after he had created our first parents, and the beasts of the field and the fowls of the air, and in fine, all things which are created, it must needs be that there was an opposition; even the forbidden fruit in opposition to the tree of life; the one being sweet and the other bitter. 16Wherefore, the Lord God gave unto man that he should act for himself. Wherefore, man could not act for himself save it should be that he was enticed by the one or the other.
In Eden God placed two trees, the forbidden fruit and the tree of life. Real choice needs real options. God gave His children agency, the power to act for themselves.
2 Nephi 2:17-25Adam Fell That Men Might Be
17And I, Lehi, according to the things which I have read, must needs suppose that an angel of God, according to that which is written, had fallen from heaven; wherefore, he became a devil, having sought that which was evil before God. 18And because he had fallen from heaven, and had become miserable forever, he sought also the misery of all mankind. Wherefore, he said unto Eve, yea, even that old serpent, who is the devil, who is the father of all lies, wherefore he said: Partake of the forbidden fruit, and ye shall not die, but ye shall be as God, knowing good and evil.
An angel of God fell from heaven and became the devil. Because he is miserable, he wants everyone else to be miserable too. He lied to Eve: ye shall not die.
19And after Adam and Eve had partaken of the forbidden fruit they were driven out of the garden of Eden, to till the earth. 20And they have brought forth children; yea, even the family of all the earth. 21And the days of the children of men were prolonged, according to the will of God, that they might repent while in the flesh; wherefore, their state became a state of probation, and their time was lengthened, according to the commandments which the Lord God gave unto the children of men. For he gave commandment that all men must repent; for he showed unto all men that they were lost, because of the transgression of their parents.
After eating the fruit, Adam and Eve left Eden to work the earth and had children: the family of all the earth. Every person who has ever lived is part of that family.
God lengthened human life so people could repent. Mortal life became a state of probation, a time to prepare to meet God. Because of the Fall, all are lost and need a Redeemer.
22And now, behold, if Adam had not transgressed he would not have fallen, but he would have remained in the garden of Eden. And all things which were created must have remained in the same state in which they were after they were created; and they must have remained forever, and had no end. 23And they would have had no children; wherefore they would have remained in a state of innocence, having no joy, for they knew no misery; doing no good, for they knew no sin.
Without the Fall, Adam and Eve would have stayed in Eden forever, unchanged and without children. They could not have felt joy, because they knew no sorrow. The Fall was a necessary step in God's plan.
24But behold, all things have been done in the wisdom of him who knoweth all things. 25Adam fell that men might be; and men are, that they might have joy.
God foresaw the Fall. All things have been done in the wisdom of him who knoweth all things. Adam fell so that we could exist, and we exist so that we can have joy.
2 Nephi 2:26-30Free to Choose Liberty and Eternal Life
26And the Messiah cometh in the fulness of time, that he may redeem the children of men from the fall. And because that they are redeemed from the fall they have become free forever, knowing good from evil; to act for themselves and not to be acted upon, save it be by the punishment of the law at the great and last day, according to the commandments which God hath given. 27Wherefore, men are free according to the flesh; and all things are given them which are expedient unto man. And they are free to choose liberty and eternal life, through the great Mediator of all men, or to choose captivity and death, according to the captivity and power of the devil; for he seeketh that all men might be miserable like unto himself.
Because of Christ, we are free to choose. One choice leads to liberty and eternal life, the other to captivity and death. The devil wants everyone to be as miserable as he is.
28And now, my sons, I would that ye should look to the great Mediator, and hearken unto his great commandments; and be faithful unto his words, and choose eternal life, according to the will of his Holy Spirit; 29And not choose eternal death, according to the will of the flesh and the evil which is therein, which giveth the spirit of the devil power to captivate, to bring you down to hell, that he may reign over you in his own kingdom. 30I have spoken these few words unto you all, my sons, in the last days of my probation; and I have chosen the good part, according to the words of the prophet. And I have none other object save it be the everlasting welfare of your souls. Amen.
Lehi ends his teaching with a father's plea: look to the great Mediator and choose eternal life. His only goal is the everlasting welfare of your souls.
Research trail
Sources & further study
These references support the historical, linguistic, manuscript, and contextual notes in this chapter. Scripture remains the primary text; external sources are provided so readers can inspect the research directly.
- Fall of Adam and EveThe Church's summary of the doctrine Lehi teaches in verses 15-26: the Fall as part of Heavenly Father's plan, its effects, and redemption through Jesus Christ.
- Agency and AccountabilityThe doctrine of verses 16 and 26-27: God gives His children the power to act for themselves, and they are accountable for their choices.
- Why Did Lehi Teach that the Fall was Necessary?Walks through Lehi's argument in verses 22-25 that without the Fall there would have been no children, no growth, and no joy.
- What are the Origins of Lehi's Understanding of the Fall?Lehi says he learned about the fallen angel and the Fall from the things which I have read (v. 17). Explores what the brass plates may have contained.
- Was the Requirement of a “Broken Heart” Known Before the Time of Christ?Lehi taught the broken heart and contrite spirit (v. 7) six centuries before the risen Savior made it the sacrifice He requires (3 Nephi 9:19-20).
Where this echoes in Scripture
He Shall Consecrate Thine Afflictions for Thy Gain
- 1 Nephi 18:17-19My parents being stricken in years… were brought down, yea, even upon their sick-beds… Jacob and Joseph also, being young… were grieved.The childhood afflictions Lehi remembers.
- 2 Nephi 11:2-3My brother, Jacob, also has seen him as I have seen him.
- D&C 122:7Know thou, my son, that all these things shall give thee experience, and shall be for thy good.The same promise to Joseph Smith in Liberty Jail.
- Romans 8:28All things work together for good to them that love God.
- Hebrews 13:8Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever.
Redemption Cometh in and through the Holy Messiah
- John 1:14The Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us… full of grace and truth.
- Psalm 51:17A broken and a contrite heart, O God, thou wilt not despise.
- 3 Nephi 9:19-20Ye shall offer for a sacrifice unto me a broken heart and a contrite spirit.The risen Lord makes Lehi's words the law of sacrifice.
- 1 Corinthians 15:20-22Now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the firstfruits of them that slept.
- 2 Nephi 31:19Relying wholly upon the merits of him who is mighty to save.
An Opposition in All Things
- Moses 3:17Nevertheless, thou mayest choose for thyself, for it is given unto thee; but, remember that I forbid it.
- D&C 29:39It must needs be that the devil should tempt the children of men, or they could not be agents unto themselves.
- Deuteronomy 30:19I have set before you life and death, blessing and cursing: therefore choose life.
- Joshua 24:15Choose you this day whom ye will serve.
- Moroni 7:16-17The Spirit of Christ is given to every man, that he may know good from evil.
Adam Fell That Men Might Be
- Moses 5:10-11Were it not for our transgression we never should have had seed… and the joy of our redemption.Adam and Eve rejoice in what the Fall made possible.
- Articles of Faith 1:2We believe that men will be punished for their own sins, and not for Adam's transgression.
- Moses 4:1-4Satan rebelled against me, and sought to destroy the agency of man.The fallen angel Lehi read about.
- Genesis 3:4-6Ye shall not surely die… ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil.
- Alma 42:4There was a time granted unto man to repent, yea, a probationary time, a time to repent and serve God.Alma builds on Lehi's teaching about the Fall and probation.
Free to Choose Liberty and Eternal Life
- 1 Timothy 2:5There is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.
- Helaman 14:30-31Ye are free; ye are permitted to act for yourselves… he hath given unto you that ye might choose life or death.Samuel the Lamanite repeats Lehi's teaching.
- John 8:32-36The truth shall make you free… If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed.
- Alma 12:24This life became a probationary state; a time to prepare to meet God.
- Helaman 8:14-15As many as should look upon that serpent should live, even so as many as should look upon the Son of God with faith.