Alma 42
People in this chapter
Corianton has one worry left, and it is the deepest. Ye do try to suppose that it is injustice that the sinner should be consigned to a state of misery (v. 1). The word try is telling. Corianton is working hard to believe it, and Alma later warns him not to excuse yourself in the least point because of your sins, by denying the justice of God (v. 30).
Tap any highlighted phrase to jump to the commentary that unpacks it.
Alma 42:1-11A Probationary Time
1And now, my son, I perceive there is somewhat more which doth worry your mind, which ye cannot understand—which is concerning the justice of God in the punishment of the sinner; for ye do try to suppose that it is injustice that the sinner should be consigned to a state of misery.
Corianton is trying to convince himself that it would be unfair for God to punish sin. Alma says he will explain why justice is real.
2Now behold, my son, I will explain this thing unto thee. For behold, after the Lord God sent our first parents forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground, from whence they were taken—yea, he drew out the man, and he placed at the east end of the garden of Eden, cherubim, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the tree of life— 3Now, we see that the man had become as God, knowing good and evil; and lest he should put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat and live forever, the Lord God placed cherubim and the flaming sword, that he should not partake of the fruit— 4And thus we see, that there was a time granted unto man to repent, yea, a probationary time, a time to repent and serve God. 5For behold, if Adam had put forth his hand immediately, and partaken of the tree of life, he would have lived forever, according to the word of God, having no space for repentance; yea, and also the word of God would have been void, and the great plan of salvation would have been frustrated.
After the Fall, God guarded the tree of life so Adam and Eve would not live forever in their fallen state. Instead they were given time, a probationary time, to repent and serve God. That time is mortal life.
6But behold, it was appointed unto man to die—therefore, as they were cut off from the tree of life they should be cut off from the face of the earth—and man became lost forever, yea, they became fallen man. 7And now, ye see by this that our first parents were cut off both temporally and spiritually from the presence of the Lord; and thus we see they became subjects to follow after their own will. 8Now behold, it was not expedient that man should be reclaimed from this temporal death, for that would destroy the great plan of happiness. 9Therefore, as the soul could never die, and the fall had brought upon all mankind a spiritual death as well as a temporal, that is, they were cut off from the presence of the Lord, it was expedient that mankind should be reclaimed from this spiritual death. 10Therefore, as they had become carnal, sensual, and devilish, by nature, this probationary state became a state for them to prepare; it became a preparatory state. 11And now remember, my son, if it were not for the plan of redemption, (laying it aside) as soon as they were dead their souls were miserable, being cut off from the presence of the Lord.
The Fall brought two deaths: physical death and spiritual death, being cut off from God. Physical death had to stay for a while as part of the plan. Spiritual death had to be overcome. Mortal life became a time to prepare.
Alma calls God's plan the great plan of happiness. Everything in it, even the Fall and death, is meant to bring God's children joy.
Alma 42:12-15A Perfect, Just God, and a Merciful God Also
12And now, there was no means to reclaim men from this fallen state, which man had brought upon himself because of his own disobedience; 13Therefore, according to justice, the plan of redemption could not be brought about, only on conditions of repentance of men in this probationary state, yea, this preparatory state; for except it were for these conditions, mercy could not take effect except it should destroy the work of justice. Now the work of justice could not be destroyed; if so, God would cease to be God. 14And thus we see that all mankind were fallen, and they were in the grasp of justice; yea, the justice of God, which consigned them forever to be cut off from his presence.
We cannot rescue ourselves from the Fall. Mercy can't just ignore justice, or God would stop being the just God He is. So mercy comes only on conditions of repentance.
15And now, the plan of mercy could not be brought about except an atonement should be made; therefore God himself atoneth for the sins of the world, to bring about the plan of mercy, to appease the demands of justice, that God might be a perfect, just God, and a merciful God also.
Alma 42:16-26Mercy Claimeth the Penitent
16Now, repentance could not come unto men except there were a punishment, which also was eternal as the life of the soul should be, affixed opposite to the plan of happiness, which was as eternal also as the life of the soul. 17Now, how could a man repent except he should sin? How could he sin if there was no law? How could there be a law save there was a punishment? 18Now, there was a punishment affixed, and a just law given, which brought remorse of conscience unto man. 19Now, if there was no law given—if a man murdered he should die—would he be afraid he would die if he should murder? 20And also, if there was no law given against sin men would not be afraid to sin. 21And if there was no law given, if men sinned what could justice do, or mercy either, for they would have no claim upon the creature?
Without law there is no sin, and without a consequence there is no reason to repent. God's law and its punishment are what make repentance, and mercy, possible.
22But there is a law given, and a punishment affixed, and a repentance granted; which repentance, mercy claimeth; otherwise, justice claimeth the creature and executeth the law, and the law inflicteth the punishment; if not so, the works of justice would be destroyed, and God would cease to be God. 23But God ceaseth not to be God, and mercy claimeth the penitent, and mercy cometh because of the atonement; and the atonement bringeth to pass the resurrection of the dead; and the resurrection of the dead bringeth back men into the presence of God; and thus they are restored into his presence, to be judged according to their works, according to the law and justice. 24For behold, justice exerciseth all his demands, and also mercy claimeth all which is her own; and thus, none but the truly penitent are saved. 25What, do ye suppose that mercy can rob justice? I say unto you, Nay; not one whit. If so, God would cease to be God.
Alma says that if justice were set aside, God would cease to be God. That will never happen. God is also merciful, so He provided the Atonement. Through it justice gets everything it is owed, and mercy claims everyone who truly repents.
26And thus God bringeth about his great and eternal purposes, which were prepared from the foundation of the world. And thus cometh about the salvation and the redemption of men, and also their destruction and misery.
None of this was improvised. God's plan, including the Savior's Atonement, was prepared before the world was made.
Alma 42:27-31Let These Things Trouble You No More
27Therefore, O my son, whosoever will come may come and partake of the waters of life freely; and whosoever will not come the same is not compelled to come; but in the last day it shall be restored unto him according to his deeds. 28If he has desired to do evil, and has not repented in his days, behold, evil shall be done unto him, according to the restoration of God.
29And now, my son, I desire that ye should let these things trouble you no more, and only let your sins trouble you, with that trouble which shall bring you down unto repentance. 30O my son, I desire that ye should deny the justice of God no more. Do not endeavor to excuse yourself in the least point because of your sins, by denying the justice of God; but do you let the justice of God, and his mercy, and his long-suffering have full sway in your heart; and let it bring you down to the dust in humility.
Alma tells his son to stop arguing with God's justice and let only his sins trouble him, in a way that leads to repentance. No one is forced to come to Christ, and no one is turned away.
31And now, O my son, ye are called of God to preach the word unto this people. And now, my son, go thy way, declare the word with truth and soberness, that thou mayest bring souls unto repentance, that the great plan of mercy may have claim upon them. And may God grant unto you even according to my words. Amen.
Alma sends Corianton back to preach. The son who had left his mission is trusted with it again, and later scripture shows him still serving faithfully.
Research trail
Sources & further study
These references support the historical, linguistic, manuscript, and contextual notes in this chapter. Scripture remains the primary text; external sources are provided so readers can inspect the research directly.
- Atonement of Jesus ChristThe Church's summary of the Savior's Atonement, including how it satisfies justice and makes mercy possible.
- JusticeScripture references on the justice of God and how the Atonement answers its demands.
- Fall of Adam and EveThe Fall as a necessary step in the plan of salvation, the background of verses 2-11.
- Plan of RedemptionThe many names scripture gives the Father's plan, including the plan of happiness and the plan of mercy from this chapter.
Where this echoes in Scripture
A Probationary Time
- Genesis 3:22-24He placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.The account Alma retells.
- Alma 12:24-26If it were possible that our first parents could have gone forth and partaken of the tree of life they would have been forever miserable.Alma's earlier teaching on the same point.
- 2 Nephi 2:21-25Adam fell that men might be; and men are, that they might have joy.Lehi on the Fall and the state of probation.
- Moses 5:11Were it not for our transgression we never should have had seed, and never should have known good and evil, and the joy of our redemption.Eve's understanding of the Fall.
- Alma 34:32This life is the time for men to prepare to meet God.Amulek on the preparatory state.
A Perfect, Just God, and a Merciful God Also
- Mosiah 15:9Standing betwixt them and justice... and satisfied the demands of justice.Abinadi on what the Savior does.
- Romans 3:26That he might be just, and the justifier of him which believeth in Jesus.Paul on the same truth.
- 3 Nephi 11:14I am the God of Israel, and the God of the whole earth, and have been slain for the sins of the world.The God who atones names Himself.
- Alma 34:9-10It must be an infinite and eternal sacrifice.Amulek on why the Atonement must be infinite.
Mercy Claimeth the Penitent
- Alma 34:15-16And thus mercy can satisfy the demands of justice, and encircles them in the arms of safety.Amulek's version of verses 22-24.
- D&C 19:16-17I, God, have suffered these things for all, that they might not suffer if they would repent.The Savior on how justice is paid.
- D&C 1:31-32I the Lord cannot look upon sin with the least degree of allowance; nevertheless, he that repents... shall be forgiven.Justice and mercy side by side.
- 2 Nephi 9:25-26Where there is no law given there is no punishment.Jacob on law, punishment and the Atonement.
- Psalm 85:10Mercy and truth are met together; righteousness and peace have kissed each other.
Let These Things Trouble You No More
- Revelation 22:17Whosoever will, let him take the water of life freely.The same invitation at the close of the Bible.
- John 7:37If any man thirst, let him come unto me, and drink.
- 2 Corinthians 7:10Godly sorrow worketh repentance to salvation not to be repented of.The kind of trouble Alma wants for his son.
- Alma 49:30The word of God, which was declared unto them by Helaman, and Shiblon, and Corianton.Corianton still preaching years later.
- D&C 121:43Reproving betimes with sharpness... and then showing forth afterwards an increase of love.The pattern Alma follows across Alma 39-42.