2 Nephi 9
People in this chapter
Jacob was born in the wilderness during his family's hardest years (2 Nephi 2:1). Now a grown man and a priest, he teaches the gospel of Jesus Christ as plainly and as fully as anyone in scripture, laying out the plan of salvation from the Fall to the Final Judgment.
Tap any highlighted phrase to jump to the commentary that unpacks it.
2 Nephi 9:1-7The Great Creator and an Infinite Atonement
1And now, my beloved brethren, I have read these things that ye might know concerning the covenants of the Lord that he has covenanted with all the house of Israel— 2That he has spoken unto the Jews, by the mouth of his holy prophets, even from the beginning down, from generation to generation, until the time comes that they shall be restored to the true church and fold of God; when they shall be gathered home to the lands of their inheritance, and shall be established in all their lands of promise. 3Behold, my beloved brethren, I speak unto you these things that ye may rejoice, and lift up your heads forever, because of the blessings which the Lord God shall bestow upon your children.
Jacob has just read Isaiah's promises to Israel. He tells the people why: so they will know the Lord's covenants, and so they can rejoice, and lift up your heads forever.
4For I know that ye have searched much, many of you, to know of things to come; wherefore I know that ye know that our flesh must waste away and die; nevertheless, in our bodies we shall see God.
Our bodies will die, nevertheless, in our bodies we shall see God. Jacob teaches a real, physical resurrection, just as Job hoped.
5Yea, I know that ye know that in the body he shall show himself unto those at Jerusalem, from whence we came; for it is expedient that it should be among them; for it behooveth the great Creator that he suffereth himself to become subject unto man in the flesh, and die for all men, that all men might become subject unto him.
6For as death hath passed upon all men, to fulfil the merciful plan of the great Creator, there must needs be a power of resurrection, and the resurrection must needs come unto man by reason of the fall; and the fall came by reason of transgression; and because man became fallen they were cut off from the presence of the Lord. 7Wherefore, it must needs be an infinite atonement—save it should be an infinite atonement this corruption could not put on incorruption. Wherefore, the first judgment which came upon man must needs have remained to an endless duration. And if so, this flesh must have laid down to rot and to crumble to its mother earth, to rise no more.
Adam and Eve's transgression brought two kinds of death: the body dies, and people are cut off from God's presence. Jacob is about to explain how Christ overcomes both.
The Atonement had to be infinite. A limited sacrifice could never raise every body from the grave forever. Only the Son of God could offer it.
2 Nephi 9:8-14That Awful Monster, Death and Hell
8O the wisdom of God, his mercy and grace! For behold, if the flesh should rise no more our spirits must become subject to that angel who fell from before the presence of the Eternal God, and became the devil, to rise no more. 9And our spirits must have become like unto him, and we become devils, angels to a devil, to be shut out from the presence of our God, and to remain with the father of lies, in misery, like unto himself; yea, to that being who beguiled our first parents, who transformeth himself nigh unto an angel of light, and stirreth up the children of men unto secret combinations of murder and all manner of secret works of darkness.
Without Christ, our bodies would never rise and our spirits would fall under the devil's power and become like him. Satan disguises himself to look almost like an angel of light.
10O how great the goodness of our God, who prepareth a way for our escape from the grasp of this awful monster; yea, that monster, death and hell, which I call the death of the body, and also the death of the spirit.
Jacob pictures death and hell as one terrible monster with a tight grip. God has prepared a way to escape it. That is why Jacob cries, O how great the goodness of our God.
11And because of the way of deliverance of our God, the Holy One of Israel, this death, of which I have spoken, which is the temporal, shall deliver up its dead; which death is the grave. 12And this death of which I have spoken, which is the spiritual death, shall deliver up its dead; which spiritual death is hell; wherefore, death and hell must deliver up their dead, and hell must deliver up its captive spirits, and the grave must deliver up its captive bodies, and the bodies and the spirits of men will be restored one to the other; and it is by the power of the resurrection of the Holy One of Israel.
Both deaths must give up their prisoners. The grave gives back bodies, hell gives back spirits, and every body and spirit are reunited by the power of Christ's resurrection.
13O how great the plan of our God! For on the other hand, the paradise of God must deliver up the spirits of the righteous, and the grave deliver up the body of the righteous; and the spirit and the body is restored to itself again, and all men become incorruptible, and immortal, and they are living souls, having a perfect knowledge like unto us in the flesh, save it be that our knowledge shall be perfect. 14Wherefore, we shall have a perfect knowledge of all our guilt, and our uncleanness, and our nakedness; and the righteous shall have a perfect knowledge of their enjoyment, and their righteousness, being clothed with purity, yea, even with the robe of righteousness.
The righteous also come out of paradise and the grave, body and spirit together. After the resurrection everyone will remember perfectly: the guilty their guilt, and the righteous their joy.
2 Nephi 9:15-20O the Greatness and the Justice of Our God
15And it shall come to pass that when all men shall have passed from this first death unto life, insomuch as they have become immortal, they must appear before the judgment-seat of the Holy One of Israel; and then cometh the judgment, and then must they be judged according to the holy judgment of God. 16And assuredly, as the Lord liveth, for the Lord God hath spoken it, and it is his eternal word, which cannot pass away, that they who are righteous shall be righteous still, and they who are filthy shall be filthy still; wherefore, they who are filthy are the devil and his angels; and they shall go away into everlasting fire, prepared for them; and their torment is as a lake of fire and brimstone, whose flame ascendeth up forever and ever and has no end.
After the resurrection everyone will stand before the Holy One of Israel to be judged. The Savior who redeems us is also the One who judges us.
Judgment shows what we have become. The righteous stay righteous; the filthy stay filthy. The last state of those who will not repent is like the devil's.
17O the greatness and the justice of our God! For he executeth all his words, and they have gone forth out of his mouth, and his law must be fulfilled. 18But, behold, the righteous, the saints of the Holy One of Israel, they who have believed in the Holy One of Israel, they who have endured the crosses of the world, and despised the shame of it, they shall inherit the kingdom of God, which was prepared for them from the foundation of the world, and their joy shall be full forever.
The saints who believed in Christ and endured the crosses of the world will inherit God's kingdom, and their joy shall be full forever.
19O the greatness of the mercy of our God, the Holy One of Israel! For he delivereth his saints from that awful monster the devil, and death, and hell, and that lake of fire and brimstone, which is endless torment. 20O how great the holiness of our God! For he knoweth all things, and there is not anything save he knows it.
Jacob praises God's mercy, which delivers His saints from the monster, and His holiness: He knows all things. Nothing is hidden from Him, including what we are going through.
2 Nephi 9:21-26He Suffereth the Pains of All Men
21And he cometh into the world that he may save all men if they will hearken unto his voice; for behold, he suffereth the pains of all men, yea, the pains of every living creature, both men, women, and children, who belong to the family of Adam. 22And he suffereth this that the resurrection might pass upon all men, that all might stand before him at the great and judgment day.
23And he commandeth all men that they must repent, and be baptized in his name, having perfect faith in the Holy One of Israel, or they cannot be saved in the kingdom of God. 24And if they will not repent and believe in his name, and be baptized in his name, and endure to the end, they must be damned; for the Lord God, the Holy One of Israel, has spoken it.
The Savior's invitation has clear steps: faith in Him, repentance, baptism in His name, and enduring to the end. Nephi will later call this the doctrine of Christ.
25Wherefore, he has given a law; and where there is no law given there is no punishment; and where there is no punishment there is no condemnation; and where there is no condemnation the mercies of the Holy One of Israel have claim upon them, because of the atonement; for they are delivered by the power of him. 26For the atonement satisfieth the demands of his justice upon all those who have not the law given to them, that they are delivered from that awful monster, death and hell, and the devil, and the lake of fire and brimstone, which is endless torment; and they are restored to that God who gave them breath, which is the Holy One of Israel.
God is fair. Those who never had the law, such as little children or people who never heard the gospel, are covered by the Atonement's mercy. God will not condemn anyone for what they could not know.
2 Nephi 9:27-38O That Cunning Plan of the Evil One
27But wo unto him that has the law given, yea, that has all the commandments of God, like unto us, and that transgresseth them, and that wasteth the days of his probation, for awful is his state!
Having the commandments is a blessing and a responsibility. The danger is knowing God's law and wasting the time we have been given to live it.
28O that cunning plan of the evil one! O the vainness, and the frailties, and the foolishness of men! When they are learned they think they are wise, and they hearken not unto the counsel of God, for they set it aside, supposing they know of themselves, wherefore, their wisdom is foolishness and it profiteth them not. And they shall perish. 29But to be learned is good if they hearken unto the counsels of God.
Education is good. The danger is thinking learning makes us wise enough to set God's counsel aside. Jacob says to be learned is good if they hearken unto the counsels of God.
30But wo unto the rich, who are rich as to the things of the world. For because they are rich they despise the poor, and they persecute the meek, and their hearts are upon their treasures; wherefore, their treasure is their god. And behold, their treasure shall perish with them also.
Wealth becomes dangerous when it makes us despise the poor and set our hearts on it. Then our treasure has become our god, and it will perish with us.
31And wo unto the deaf that will not hear; for they shall perish. 32Wo unto the blind that will not see; for they shall perish also. 33Wo unto the uncircumcised of heart, for a knowledge of their iniquities shall smite them at the last day. 34Wo unto the liar, for he shall be thrust down to hell. 35Wo unto the murderer who deliberately killeth, for he shall die. 36Wo unto them who commit whoredoms, for they shall be thrust down to hell. 37Yea, wo unto those that worship idols, for the devil of all devils delighteth in them. 38And, in fine, wo unto all those who die in their sins; for they shall return to God, and behold his face, and remain in their sins.
Jacob gives ten woes in all: against wasting probation, the rich, the spiritually deaf and blind, the uncircumcised of heart, liars, murderers, the sexually immoral, idol worshippers, and those who die in their sins.
2 Nephi 9:39-54Come unto the Holy One of Israel
39O, my beloved brethren, remember the awfulness in transgressing against that Holy God, and also the awfulness of yielding to the enticings of that cunning one. Remember, to be carnally-minded is death, and to be spiritually-minded is life eternal. 40O, my beloved brethren, give ear to my words. Remember the greatness of the Holy One of Israel. Do not say that I have spoken hard things against you; for if ye do, ye will revile against the truth; for I have spoken the words of your Maker. I know that the words of truth are hard against all uncleanness; but the righteous fear them not, for they love the truth and are not shaken.
Where we set our minds shapes where we end up: to be carnally-minded is death, and to be spiritually-minded is life eternal. Jacob's words may sound hard, but they are the Lord's words, and the righteous are not afraid of truth.
41O then, my beloved brethren, come unto the Lord, the Holy One. Remember that his paths are righteous. Behold, the way for man is narrow, but it lieth in a straight course before him, and the keeper of the gate is the Holy One of Israel; and he employeth no servant there; and there is none other way save it be by the gate; for he cannot be deceived, for the Lord God is his name. 42And whoso knocketh, to him will he open; and the wise, and the learned, and they that are rich, who are puffed up because of their learning, and their wisdom, and their riches—yea, they are they whom he despiseth; and save they shall cast these things away, and consider themselves fools before God, and come down in the depths of humility, he will not open unto them. 43But the things of the wise and the prudent shall be hid from them forever—yea, that happiness which is prepared for the saints.
The gate opens to those who knock. The proud must come down in the depths of humility first. The happiness prepared for the saints stays hidden from those who think they are wise.
44O, my beloved brethren, remember my words. Behold, I take off my garments, and I shake them before you; I pray the God of my salvation that he view me with his all-searching eye; wherefore, ye shall know at the last day, when all men shall be judged of their works, that the God of Israel did witness that I shook your iniquities from my soul, and that I stand with brightness before him, and am rid of your blood. 45O, my beloved brethren, turn away from your sins; shake off the chains of him that would bind you fast; come unto that God who is the rock of your salvation. 46Prepare your souls for that glorious day when justice shall be administered unto the righteous, even the day of judgment, that ye may not shrink with awful fear; that ye may not remember your awful guilt in perfectness, and be constrained to exclaim: Holy, holy are thy judgments, O Lord God Almighty—but I know my guilt; I transgressed thy law, and my transgressions are mine; and the devil hath obtained me, that I am a prey to his awful misery.
Jacob shakes out his clothing to show he has warned them and is free of responsibility for their sins. Then he pleads: shake off the devil's chains, come to God, and prepare for the judgment so it can be a glorious day.
47But behold, my brethren, is it expedient that I should awake you to an awful reality of these things? Would I harrow up your souls if your minds were pure? Would I be plain unto you according to the plainness of the truth if ye were freed from sin? 48Behold, if ye were holy I would speak unto you of holiness; but as ye are not holy, and ye look upon me as a teacher, it must needs be expedient that I teach you the consequences of sin. 49Behold, my soul abhorreth sin, and my heart delighteth in righteousness; and I will praise the holy name of my God.
Jacob explains why he spoke so plainly: if the people were holy, he would speak of holiness, but they need to hear the consequences of sin. He hates sin and delights in righteousness.
50Come, my brethren, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters; and he that hath no money, come buy and eat; yea, come buy wine and milk without money and without price. 51Wherefore, do not spend money for that which is of no worth, nor your labor for that which cannot satisfy. Hearken diligently unto me, and remember the words which I have spoken; and come unto the Holy One of Israel, and feast upon that which perisheth not, neither can be corrupted, and let your soul delight in fatness.
Jacob ends with Isaiah's invitation: come to the waters, buy without money. The gospel is free. Don't spend your life on what cannot satisfy.
52Behold, my beloved brethren, remember the words of your God; pray unto him continually by day, and give thanks unto his holy name by night. Let your hearts rejoice. 53And behold how great the covenants of the Lord, and how great his condescensions unto the children of men; and because of his greatness, and his grace and mercy, he has promised unto us that our seed shall not utterly be destroyed, according to the flesh, but that he would preserve them; and in future generations they shall become a righteous branch unto the house of Israel. 54And now, my brethren, I would speak unto you more; but on the morrow I will declare unto you the remainder of my words. Amen.
Jacob closes with simple counsel: pray by day, give thanks by night, and rejoice. God has condescended to us and promised that Lehi's descendants will not be utterly destroyed.
Research trail
Sources & further study
These references support the historical, linguistic, manuscript, and contextual notes in this chapter. Scripture remains the primary text; external sources are provided so readers can inspect the research directly.
- When Does the Book of Mormon First Talk About the Plan of Salvation?Notes that the word "plan" never appears in the King James Bible, and that Jacob's "merciful plan of the great Creator" in this chapter is the Book of Mormon's first full explanation of the plan.
- Why Does Jacob Choose a “Monster” as a Symbol for Death and Hell?Connects Jacob's "awful monster" to biblical images of death and chaos as a beast or dragon that only the Lord can defeat (Isaiah 27:1; 51:9-10; Psalm 18; Hosea 13:14).
- Why Does Jacob Declare so Many “Woes”?Counts exactly ten woes in verses 27-38 and summarizes John W. Welch's comparison of them with the Ten Commandments.
- Why Does the Book of Mormon Warn that a Lake of Fire and Brimstone Awaits Sinners in the Afterlife?Background on the "lake of fire and brimstone" image that Jacob uses in verses 16, 19 and 26.
- Did Jacob Refer to Ancient Israelite Autumn Festivals?Summarizes a scholar's argument that Jacob's temple sermon (2 Nephi 6-10) follows an ancient covenant pattern and echoes Israel's autumn festivals, including the Day of Atonement.
Where this echoes in Scripture
The Great Creator and an Infinite Atonement
- Job 19:25-26I know that my redeemer liveth… yet in my flesh shall I see God.The same hope, in the oldest book of the Bible.
- Philippians 2:7-8Made himself of no reputation… and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.
- 2 Nephi 2:25Adam fell that men might be; and men are, that they might have joy.What Lehi taught Jacob about the Fall.
- Alma 34:10It must be an infinite and eternal sacrifice.Amulek on why the Atonement had to be infinite.
- 1 Corinthians 15:53For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality.
That Awful Monster, Death and Hell
- 2 Corinthians 11:14Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light.
- Hosea 13:14O death, I will be thy plagues; O grave, I will be thy destruction.Paul quotes this in 1 Corinthians 15:55.
- Revelation 20:13Death and hell delivered up the dead which were in them.John sees what Jacob describes.
- Alma 40:11-12The spirits of those who are righteous are received into a state of happiness, which is called paradise.
- D&C 58:42He who has repented of his sins, the same is forgiven, and I, the Lord, remember them no more.The answer to a perfect knowledge of guilt.
O the Greatness and the Justice of Our God
- John 5:22The Father judgeth no man, but hath committed all judgment unto the Son.
- Revelation 22:11He that is unjust, let him be unjust still: and he which is filthy, let him be filthy still.
- D&C 19:10-12Endless is my name. Wherefore… endless punishment is God's punishment.How to read "endless torment."
- Hebrews 12:2Who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame.The Savior walked the road first.
- Enos 1:3The words which I had often heard my father speak concerning eternal life, and the joy of the saints.Jacob's son remembers this teaching.
He Suffereth the Pains of All Men
- Alma 7:11-12He shall go forth, suffering pains and afflictions and temptations of every kind.Alma expands on verse 21.
- Isaiah 53:4Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows.
- 2 Nephi 31:17-21This is the way; and there is none other way nor name given under heaven whereby man can be saved.Nephi's doctrine of Christ.
- Mosiah 3:11His blood atoneth for the sins of those… who have died not knowing the will of God concerning them.
- D&C 137:7-8All who have died without a knowledge of this gospel, who would have received it… shall be heirs of the celestial kingdom.
O That Cunning Plan of the Evil One
- Alma 34:32-33This life is the time for men to prepare to meet God… do not procrastinate the day of your repentance.
- D&C 88:118Seek learning, even by study and also by faith.
- Matthew 6:19-21Where your treasure is, there will your heart be also.
- Jacob 2:12-19Before ye seek for riches, seek ye for the kingdom of God.Jacob preaches it again years later.
- Exodus 20:3-17Thou shalt not kill… Thou shalt not bear false witness.The commandments behind several of Jacob's woes.
Come unto the Holy One of Israel
- Romans 8:6To be carnally minded is death; but to be spiritually minded is life and peace.
- John 10:9I am the door: by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved.The Savior is the gate and its keeper.
- Isaiah 55:1-2Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters… buy wine and milk without money and without price.The Isaiah passage Jacob quotes.
- Jacob 1:19By laboring with our might their blood might not come upon our garments.Why Jacob shook his garments.
- 1 Nephi 11:16-21Knowest thou the condescension of God?Nephi sees the condescension Jacob praises.