LukeStudy Guide

Chapter 15

Themes, discussion questions, Christ connections, and denomination lenses.

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Scripture

KJV

1Then drew near unto him all the publicans and sinners for to hear him.

2And the Pharisees and scribes murmured, saying, This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them.

3And he spake this parable unto them, saying,

4What man of you, having an hundred sheep, if he lose one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness, and go after that which is lost, until he find it?

5And when he hath found it, he layeth it on his shoulders, rejoicing.

6And when he cometh home, he calleth together his friends and neighbours, saying unto them, Rejoice with me; for I have found my sheep which was lost.

7I say unto you, that likewise joy shall be in heaven over one sinner that repenteth, more than over ninety and nine just persons, which need no repentance.

8Either what woman having ten pieces of silver, if she lose one piece, doth not light a candle, and sweep the house, and seek diligently till she find it?

9And when she hath found it, she calleth her friends and her neighbours together, saying, Rejoice with me; for I have found the piece which I had lost.

10Likewise, I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner that repenteth.

11And he said, A certain man had two sons:

12And the younger of them said to his father, Father, give me the portion of goods that falleth to me. And he divided unto them his living.

13And not many days after the younger son gathered all together, and took his journey into a far country, and there wasted his substance with riotous living.

14And when he had spent all, there arose a mighty famine in that land; and he began to be in want.

15And he went and joined himself to a citizen of that country; and he sent him into his fields to feed swine.

16And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man gave unto him.

17And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father’s have bread enough and to spare, and I perish with hunger!

18I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee,

19And am no more worthy to be called thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants.

20And he arose, and came to his father. But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him.

21And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight, and am no more worthy to be called thy son.

22But the father said to his servants, Bring forth the best robe, and put it on him; and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet:

23And bring hither the fatted calf, and kill it; and let us eat, and be merry:

24For this my son was dead, and is alive again; he was lost, and is found. And they began to be merry.

25Now his elder son was in the field: and as he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard musick and dancing.

26And he called one of the servants, and asked what these things meant.

27And he said unto him, Thy brother is come; and thy father hath killed the fatted calf, because he hath received him safe and sound.

28And he was angry, and would not go in: therefore came his father out, and intreated him.

29And he answering said to his father, Lo, these many years do I serve thee, neither transgressed I at any time thy commandment: and yet thou never gavest me a kid, that I might make merry with my friends:

30But as soon as this thy son was come, which hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou hast killed for him the fatted calf.

31And he said unto him, Son, thou art ever with me, and all that I have is thine.

32It was meet that we should make merry, and be glad: for this thy brother was dead, and is alive again; and was lost, and is found.

Key VerseLuke 15:7

I say unto you, that likewise joy shall be in heaven over one sinner that repenteth, more than over ninety and nine just persons, which need no repentance.

Overview

When the Pharisees and scribes murmur that Jesus receives sinners and eats with them, Jesus responds with three parables about lost things: the lost sheep, the lost coin, and the lost (prodigal) son. In each parable, what is lost is found and there is great rejoicing. The parable of the prodigal son is among the most beloved stories in Scripture, depicting a father who runs to welcome his wayward son home and then pleads with his resentful elder brother to join the celebration.

Key Themes

1

God's Relentless Pursuit of the Lost

The shepherd leaving ninety-nine sheep to find one and the woman sweeping her house for one coin reveal a God who actively seeks out the lost rather than waiting passively.

2

The Joy of Heaven over Repentance

All three parables climax in celebration, teaching that there is more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine who need no repentance.

3

The Danger of Self-Righteousness

The elder brother in the prodigal son parable represents the Pharisees — outwardly obedient but inwardly resentful of grace — revealing that self-righteousness can keep you outside the feast just as surely as open rebellion.

Study Questions

1.

Why does Jesus tell three parables in a row about the same theme of lostness? What does each add to the picture?

2.

The shepherd leaves the ninety-nine to find the one. What does this reveal about how God values each individual person?

3.

In the parable of the prodigal son, the father runs to meet his son. In the ancient world, this was considered undignified. Why is this detail so significant?

4.

The elder brother refuses to enter the celebration. In what ways can religious devotion become a barrier to experiencing God's grace and rejoicing in the salvation of others?

5.

Which character in the prodigal son parable do you most identify with right now — the younger son, the elder brother, or the father — and why?

Connection to Christ

Luke 15 is the heart of Luke's Gospel and reveals the heart of Jesus Himself. Christ is the Good Shepherd who leaves the glory of heaven to seek and save the lost. He is the embodiment of the running father — God in human flesh, absorbing the shame and cost of reconciliation. These parables were spoken precisely because Jesus was doing what the parables describe: eating with sinners and welcoming them home.

Personal Reflection

Take time to journal or meditate on what God is teaching you through Luke 15. How can these truths transform your thinking and actions today?

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