Mosiah 9
People in this chapter
With Mosiah 9 the voice changes. For two chapters Mormon has been telling the story; now a man speaks for himself: I, Zeniff (v. 1). This is the record Limhi showed Ammon (Mosiah 8:5), and it takes us back two generations to explain how Limhi's people came to be where Ammon found them.
Tap any highlighted phrase to jump to the commentary that unpacks it.
Mosiah 9:1-4Over-Zealous to Inherit the Land of Our Fathers
1I, Zeniff, having been taught in all the language of the Nephites, and having had a knowledge of the land of Nephi, or of the land of our fathers' first inheritance, and having been sent as a spy among the Lamanites that I might spy out their forces, that our army might come upon them and destroy them—but when I saw that which was good among them I was desirous that they should not be destroyed. 2Therefore, I contended with my brethren in the wilderness, for I would that our ruler should make a treaty with them; but he being an austere and a blood-thirsty man commanded that I should be slain; but I was rescued by the shedding of much blood; for father fought against father, and brother against brother, until the greater number of our army was destroyed in the wilderness; and we returned, those of us that were spared, to the land of Zarahemla, to relate that tale to their wives and their children.
Zeniff was sent to spy on the Lamanites so the Nephite army could attack them. He saw good in them and did not want them destroyed.
Zeniff argued for a treaty. The leader ordered him killed, and the army fought itself. Most of them died.
3And yet, I being over-zealous to inherit the land of our fathers, collected as many as were desirous to go up to possess the land, and started again on our journey into the wilderness to go up to the land; but we were smitten with famine and sore afflictions; for we were slow to remember the Lord our God. 4Nevertheless, after many days' wandering in the wilderness we pitched our tents in the place where our brethren were slain, which was near to the land of our fathers.
Zeniff admits he was over-zealous. His group set out again, suffered famine and trouble, and he says it was because they were slow to remember the Lord.
Mosiah 9:5-13The Cunning and the Craftiness of King Laman
5And it came to pass that I went again with four of my men into the city, in unto the king, that I might know of the disposition of the king, and that I might know if I might go in with my people and possess the land in peace. 6And I went in unto the king, and he covenanted with me that I might possess the land of Lehi-Nephi, and the land of Shilom. 7And he also commanded that his people should depart out of the land, and I and my people went into the land that we might possess it. 8And we began to build buildings, and to repair the walls of the city, yea, even the walls of the city of Lehi-Nephi, and the city of Shilom. 9And we began to till the ground, yea, even with all manner of seeds, with seeds of corn, and of wheat, and of barley, and with neas, and with sheum, and with seeds of all manner of fruits; and we did begin to multiply and prosper in the land.
Zeniff asks the Lamanite king for the land in peace, and the king agrees and moves his own people out.
Zeniff's people rebuild the cities and plant many crops. For a while they prosper.
10Now it was the cunning and the craftiness of king Laman, to bring my people into bondage, that he yielded up the land that we might possess it. 11Therefore it came to pass, that after we had dwelt in the land for the space of twelve years that king Laman began to grow uneasy, lest by any means my people should wax strong in the land, and that they could not overpower them and bring them into bondage. 12Now they were a lazy and an idolatrous people; therefore they were desirous to bring us into bondage, that they might glut themselves with the labors of our hands; yea, that they might feast themselves upon the flocks of our fields. 13Therefore it came to pass that king Laman began to stir up his people that they should contend with my people; therefore there began to be wars and contentions in the land.
Looking back, Zeniff sees that king Laman gave them the land so he could later take the fruit of their work. After twelve years, war began.
Mosiah 9:14-19In the Strength of the Lord
14For, in the thirteenth year of my reign in the land of Nephi, away on the south of the land of Shilom, when my people were watering and feeding their flocks, and tilling their lands, a numerous host of Lamanites came upon them and began to slay them, and to take off their flocks, and the corn of their fields. 15Yea, and it came to pass that they fled, all that were not overtaken, even into the city of Nephi, and did call upon me for protection. 16And it came to pass that I did arm them with bows, and with arrows, with swords, and with cimeters, and with clubs, and with slings, and with all manner of weapons which we could invent, and I and my people did go forth against the Lamanites to battle.
In the thirteenth year the Lamanites attack Zeniff's people in their fields. The people flee to the city, and Zeniff arms them.
17Yea, in the strength of the Lord did we go forth to battle against the Lamanites; for I and my people did cry mightily to the Lord that he would deliver us out of the hands of our enemies, for we were awakened to a remembrance of the deliverance of our fathers. 18And God did hear our cries and did answer our prayers; and we did go forth in his might; yea, we did go forth against the Lamanites, and in one day and a night we did slay three thousand and forty-three; we did slay them even until we had driven them out of our land. 19And I, myself, with mine own hands, did help to bury their dead. And behold, to our great sorrow and lamentation, two hundred and seventy-nine of our brethren were slain.
God answered their prayers, and they drove the Lamanites out of the land.
Zeniff helped bury the Lamanite dead with his own hands, and grieved for the 279 of his people who were killed.
Research trail
Sources & further study
These references support the historical, linguistic, manuscript, and contextual notes in this chapter. Scripture remains the primary text; external sources are provided so readers can inspect the research directly.
- ZeniffThe man who led the group back to the land of Nephi and became its king, whose record fills Mosiah 9-10.
- How Was Zeniff Overzealous?Scholars trace how Zeniff's eagerness to reclaim the land led him to trust king Laman's treaty too readily (vv. 3-10; compare Omni 1:27-30 and Mosiah 7:21).
- JehovahJehovah, the God who delivered Israel, is the premortal Jesus Christ, the Deliverer Zeniff's people remembered in verse 17.
- PrayerScriptures on calling upon God, as Zeniff's people did cry mightily to the Lord and He did answer our prayers (vv. 17-18).
Where this echoes in Scripture
Over-Zealous to Inherit the Land of Our Fathers
- Omni 1:27-29Their leader being a strong and mighty man, and a stiffnecked man, wherefore he caused a contention among them.Amaleki's account of the same expedition.
- Mosiah 7:21Zeniff… he being over-zealous to inherit the land of his fathers.Limhi uses his grandfather's own word.
- Matthew 5:44Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you.
- Helaman 12:5How quick to be lifted up in pride… and how slow are they to remember the Lord their God.
The Cunning and the Craftiness of King Laman
- Mosiah 7:21-22Deceived by the cunning and craftiness of king Laman… for the sole purpose of bringing this people into subjection or into bondage.
- Exodus 1:13And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour.
- Alma 23:6As many of the Lamanites as believed in their preaching, and were converted unto the Lord, never did fall away.
- Matthew 10:16Be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.
In the Strength of the Lord
- 1 Corinthians 10:4They drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ.
- 3 Nephi 15:5I am he that gave the law, and I am he who covenanted with my people Israel.
- Words of Mormon 1:14And in the strength of the Lord they did contend against their enemies.King Benjamin's armies, in the same phrase.
- Philippians 4:13I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me.
- Alma 36:2Remembering the captivity of our fathers; for they were in bondage, and none could deliver them except it was the God of Abraham.