Alma 47
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Alma 46 ended with Amalickiah escaping into the wilderness after Moroni raised the title of liberty. Alma 47 follows him to the Lamanites. Mormon interrupts his account of the Nephite war to explain how one Nephite who wanted to be a king became king of the Lamanites, without ever winning a battle.
Tap any highlighted phrase to jump to the commentary that unpacks it.
Alma 47:1-7He Did Stir Up the Lamanites to Anger
1Now we will return in our record to Amalickiah and those who had fled with him into the wilderness; for, behold, he had taken those who went with him, and went up in the land of Nephi among the Lamanites, and did stir up the Lamanites to anger against the people of Nephi, insomuch that the king of the Lamanites sent a proclamation throughout all his land, among all his people, that they should gather themselves together again to go to battle against the Nephites. 2And it came to pass that when the proclamation had gone forth among them they were exceedingly afraid; yea, they feared to displease the king, and they also feared to go to battle against the Nephites lest they should lose their lives. And it came to pass that they would not, or the more part of them would not, obey the commandments of the king. 3And now it came to pass that the king was wroth because of their disobedience; therefore he gave Amalickiah the command of that part of his army which was obedient unto his commands, and commanded him that he should go forth and compel them to arms.
Mormon goes back in his record to follow Amalickiah, who fled to the Lamanites at the end of Alma 46. The first thing Amalickiah does there is stir up the Lamanites to anger against his own people.
Many Lamanites refuse to go to war. They are afraid of the king, and they are afraid of dying in battle. Most of them, the more part, will not obey.
4Now behold, this was the desire of Amalickiah; for he being a very subtle man to do evil therefore he laid the plan in his heart to dethrone the king of the Lamanites. 5And now he had got the command of those parts of the Lamanites who were in favor of the king; and he sought to gain favor of those who were not obedient; therefore he went forward to the place which was called Onidah, for thither had all the Lamanites fled; for they discovered the army coming, and, supposing that they were coming to destroy them, therefore they fled to Onidah, to the place of arms. 6And they had appointed a man to be a king and a leader over them, being fixed in their minds with a determined resolution that they would not be subjected to go against the Nephites. 7And it came to pass that they had gathered themselves together upon the top of the mount which was called Antipas, in preparation to battle.
The king gives Amalickiah part of his army and orders him to force the others to fight. Mormon says this was the desire of Amalickiah. He calls him a very subtle man to do evil, and he already plans to dethrone the king.
The Lamanites who refused fled to Onidah and chose their own king and leader. They were fixed in their minds with a determined resolution not to be forced into battle, and they camped on the top of mount Antipas.
Alma 47:8-19Come Down off from the Mount
8Now it was not Amalickiah's intention to give them battle according to the commandments of the king; but behold, it was his intention to gain favor with the armies of the Lamanites, that he might place himself at their head and dethrone the king and take possession of the kingdom. 9And behold, it came to pass that he caused his army to pitch their tents in the valley which was near the mount Antipas. 10And it came to pass that when it was night he sent a secret embassy into the mount Antipas, desiring that the leader of those who were upon the mount, whose name was Lehonti, that he should come down to the foot of the mount, for he desired to speak with him. 11And it came to pass that when Lehonti received the message he durst not go down to the foot of the mount. And it came to pass that Amalickiah sent again the second time, desiring him to come down. And it came to pass that Lehonti would not; and he sent again the third time. 12And it came to pass that when Amalickiah found that he could not get Lehonti to come down off from the mount, he went up into the mount, nearly to Lehonti's camp; and he sent again the fourth time his message unto Lehonti, desiring that he would come down, and that he would bring his guards with him.
Amalickiah never meant to fight the Lamanites on the mount. He wanted their army. He camped in the valley below and started sending messages to their leader.
Lehonti refused to come down. Amalickiah sent a second message, then a third, then climbed nearly to Lehonti's camp and sent a fourth, inviting him to bring his guards. The fourth time, Lehonti came.
13And it came to pass that when Lehonti had come down with his guards to Amalickiah, that Amalickiah desired him to come down with his army in the night-time, and surround those men in their camps over whom the king had given him command, and that he would deliver them up into Lehonti's hands, if he would make him (Amalickiah) a second leader over the whole army. 14And it came to pass that Lehonti came down with his men and surrounded the men of Amalickiah, so that before they awoke at the dawn of day they were surrounded by the armies of Lehonti. 15And it came to pass that when they saw that they were surrounded, they pled with Amalickiah that he would suffer them to fall in with their brethren, that they might not be destroyed. Now this was the very thing which Amalickiah desired. 16And it came to pass that he delivered his men, contrary to the commands of the king. Now this was the thing that Amalickiah desired, that he might accomplish his designs in dethroning the king. 17Now it was the custom among the Lamanites, if their chief leader was killed, to appoint the second leader to be their chief leader.
Amalickiah offers to hand over his own soldiers if Lehonti will make him second leader. Verse 17 explains why he wanted that title: if the chief leader died, the second leader took his place.
18And it came to pass that Amalickiah caused that one of his servants should administer poison by degrees to Lehonti, that he died. 19Now, when Lehonti was dead, the Lamanites appointed Amalickiah to be their leader and their chief commander.
Amalickiah has one of his servants give Lehonti poison by degrees, a little at a time, until he dies. Then the Lamanites make Amalickiah their leader, just as he planned.
Alma 47:20-30As If to Reverence Him
20And it came to pass that Amalickiah marched with his armies (for he had gained his desires) to the land of Nephi, to the city of Nephi, which was the chief city. 21And the king came out to meet him with his guards, for he supposed that Amalickiah had fulfilled his commands, and that Amalickiah had gathered together so great an army to go against the Nephites to battle. 22But behold, as the king came out to meet him Amalickiah caused that his servants should go forth to meet the king. And they went and bowed themselves before the king, as if to reverence him because of his greatness. 23And it came to pass that the king put forth his hand to raise them, as was the custom with the Lamanites, as a token of peace, which custom they had taken from the Nephites. 24And it came to pass that when he had raised the first from the ground, behold he stabbed the king to the heart; and he fell to the earth.
Amalickiah marches to the city of Nephi with a huge army. The king comes out to meet him, thinking Amalickiah has done what he was told and gathered an army against the Nephites.
Amalickiah's servants bow to the king as if to reverence him. The king reaches out to lift them up, a custom of peace. One of the servants kills him. The murder is carried out under the cover of honor and peace.
25Now the servants of the king fled; and the servants of Amalickiah raised a cry, saying: 26Behold, the servants of the king have stabbed him to the heart, and he has fallen and they have fled; behold, come and see. 27And it came to pass that Amalickiah commanded that his armies should march forth and see what had happened to the king; and when they had come to the spot, and found the king lying in his gore, Amalickiah pretended to be wroth, and said: Whosoever loved the king, let him go forth, and pursue his servants that they may be slain. 28And it came to pass that all they who loved the king, when they heard these words, came forth and pursued after the servants of the king. 29Now when the servants of the king saw an army pursuing after them, they were frightened again, and fled into the wilderness, and came over into the land of Zarahemla and joined the people of Ammon. 30And the army which pursued after them returned, having pursued after them in vain; and thus Amalickiah, by his fraud, gained the hearts of the people.
Amalickiah's servants shout that the king's own servants killed him. Amalickiah pretended to be wroth and sent everyone who loved the king to chase them. By this fraud he gained the hearts of the people.
The king's innocent servants escape to the land of Zarahemla and join the people of Ammon, Lamanites who had made a covenant never to take up arms again.
Alma 47:31-36Entirely Forgetting the Lord Their God
31And it came to pass on the morrow he entered the city Nephi with his armies, and took possession of the city. 32And now it came to pass that the queen, when she had heard that the king was slain—for Amalickiah had sent an embassy to the queen informing her that the king had been slain by his servants, that he had pursued them with his army, but it was in vain, and they had made their escape— 33Therefore, when the queen had received this message she sent unto Amalickiah, desiring him that he would spare the people of the city; and she also desired him that he should come in unto her; and she also desired him that he should bring witnesses with him to testify concerning the death of the king. 34And it came to pass that Amalickiah took the same servant that slew the king, and all them who were with him, and went in unto the queen, unto the place where she sat; and they all testified unto her that the king was slain by his own servants; and they said also: They have fled; does not this testify against them? And thus they satisfied the queen concerning the death of the king. 35And it came to pass that Amalickiah sought the favor of the queen, and took her unto him to wife; and thus by his fraud, and by the assistance of his cunning servants, he obtained the kingdom; yea, he was acknowledged king throughout all the land, among all the people of the Lamanites, who were composed of the Lamanites and the Lemuelites and the Ishmaelites, and all the dissenters of the Nephites, from the reign of Nephi down to the present time.
The queen asks Amalickiah to spare the city and to bring witnesses about her husband's death. He brings the very servant who killed the king, and they all tell her the king's servants did it.
Amalickiah marries the queen and is acknowledged king throughout all the land. Mormon names how he did it: by his fraud, and by the assistance of his cunning servants.
36Now these dissenters, having the same instruction and the same information of the Nephites, yea, having been instructed in the same knowledge of the Lord, nevertheless, it is strange to relate, not long after their dissensions they became more hardened and impenitent, and more wild, wicked and ferocious than the Lamanites—drinking in with the traditions of the Lamanites; giving way to indolence, and all manner of lasciviousness; yea, entirely forgetting the Lord their God.
Mormon stops the story to make a point. The Nephite dissenters had been taught the same things about the Lord as the faithful Nephites. Yet after leaving, they became more hardened than the Lamanites who had never been taught.
Research trail
Sources & further study
These references support the historical, linguistic, manuscript, and contextual notes in this chapter. Scripture remains the primary text; external sources are provided so readers can inspect the research directly.
- AmalickiahThe Guide to the Scriptures entry for Amalickiah, with references to his story from Alma 46 to Alma 51.
- Deceit, Deceive, DeceptionScriptures on deception across the standard works, a theme that runs through every step of Amalickiah's rise.
- ApostasyScriptures on individuals and peoples turning away from the truth they once received, the subject of Mormon's comment in verse 36.
- Why Did Mormon See Captain Moroni as a Hero?Discusses how Mormon sets Moroni and Amalickiah side by side in Alma 46-48 as two opposite kinds of leader.
Where this echoes in Scripture
He Did Stir Up the Lamanites to Anger
- Alma 46:4-5Amalickiah was desirous to be a king... they had been led by the flatteries of Amalickiah.Where his ambition began, among the Nephites.
- Alma 46:33Amalickiah fled with a small number of his men.How he came to the Lamanites with almost nothing.
- Genesis 3:1Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field.The same word Mormon uses for Amalickiah in verse 4.
- Mosiah 29:17How much iniquity doth one wicked king cause to be committed, yea, and what great destruction!King Mosiah's warning about kings, which this chapter illustrates.
Come Down off from the Mount
- Nehemiah 6:2-3They thought to do me mischief... I am doing a great work, so that I cannot come down.Nehemiah, invited down to meet his enemies, refused. Elder Hales paired him with Lehonti.
- 2 Nephi 28:21-22Thus the devil cheateth their souls, and leadeth them away carefully down to hell... others he flattereth away.Nephi on gradual, careful deception.
- Matthew 7:15Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves.The danger that comes looking harmless.
- Helaman 2:4-5He did flatter them... that if they would place him in the judgment-seat he would grant unto those who belonged to his band that they should be placed in power.Gadianton uses the same method a generation later.
As If to Reverence Him
- 2 Samuel 20:9-10Joab took Amasa by the beard with the right hand to kiss him... so he smote him therewith.A greeting of friendship used to cover a killing.
- Matthew 26:48-49Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he... Hail, master; and kissed him.The betrayal of the Lord came with a sign of honor.
- Alma 24:17-18They took their swords, and all the weapons which were used for the shedding of man's blood, and they did bury them up deep in the earth.The people the king's servants fled to.
- D&C 121:39As soon as they get a little authority, as they suppose, they will immediately begin to exercise unrighteous dominion.The Lord's warning about the use of power.
Entirely Forgetting the Lord Their God
- Alma 24:30After a people have been once enlightened by the Spirit of God... and then have fallen away... they become more hardened.The same pattern Mormon describes in verse 36.
- Mosiah 29:21-22Ye cannot dethrone an iniquitous king save it be through much contention, and the shedding of much blood.Mosiah's warning, fulfilled in Amalickiah.
- 3 Nephi 18:7It shall be a testimony unto the Father that ye do always remember me.The Savior's answer to forgetting.
- 2 Peter 2:20-21It had been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness, than, after they have known it, to turn from the holy commandment.Peter on those who turn away after knowing.
- Moses 4:1Behold, here am I, send me... surely I will do it; wherefore give me thine honor.The first one who sought power and honor for himself.