Alma 52
People in this chapter
The chapter opens on the morning after Alma 51. The Lamanites wake to find Amalickiah was dead in his own tent, and Teancum's army ready for battle (v. 1). They pull back into the fortified city of Mulek, and Amalickiah's brother Ammoron becomes king (vv. 2-3).
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Alma 52:1-4A New King
1And now, it came to pass in the twenty and sixth year of the reign of the judges over the people of Nephi, behold, when the Lamanites awoke on the first morning of the first month, behold, they found Amalickiah was dead in his own tent; and they also saw that Teancum was ready to give them battle on that day. 2And now, when the Lamanites saw this they were affrighted; and they abandoned their design in marching into the land northward, and retreated with all their army into the city of Mulek, and sought protection in their fortifications. 3And it came to pass that the brother of Amalickiah was appointed king over the people; and his name was Ammoron; thus king Ammoron, the brother of king Amalickiah, was appointed to reign in his stead. 4And it came to pass that he did command that his people should maintain those cities, which they had taken by the shedding of blood; for they had not taken any cities save they had lost much blood.
The Lamanites wake up to find their king dead. They retreat into the city of Mulek, and Amalickiah's brother Ammoron becomes king and orders them to hold the cities they have taken.
Alma 52:5-14Preparing and Waiting
5And now, Teancum saw that the Lamanites were determined to maintain those cities which they had taken, and those parts of the land which they had obtained possession of; and also seeing the enormity of their number, Teancum thought it was not expedient that he should attempt to attack them in their forts. 6But he kept his men round about, as if making preparations for war; yea, and truly he was preparing to defend himself against them, by casting up walls round about and preparing places of resort. 7And it came to pass that he kept thus preparing for war until Moroni had sent a large number of men to strengthen his army.
Teancum knows he cannot win by attacking fortified cities. He builds defenses and waits for help from Moroni.
8And Moroni also sent orders unto him that he should retain all the prisoners who fell into his hands; for as the Lamanites had taken many prisoners, that he should retain all the prisoners of the Lamanites as a ransom for those whom the Lamanites had taken. 9And he also sent orders unto him that he should fortify the land Bountiful, and secure the narrow pass which led into the land northward, lest the Lamanites should obtain that point and should have power to harass them on every side. 10And Moroni also sent unto him, desiring him that he would be faithful in maintaining that quarter of the land, and that he would seek every opportunity to scourge the Lamanites in that quarter, as much as was in his power, that perhaps he might take again by stratagem or some other way those cities which had been taken out of their hands; and that he also would fortify and strengthen the cities round about, which had not fallen into the hands of the Lamanites. 11And he also said unto him, I would come unto you, but behold, the Lamanites are upon us in the borders of the land by the west sea; and behold, I go against them, therefore I cannot come unto you.
Moroni sends Teancum orders: keep every prisoner so they can be exchanged for captured Nephites, guard the land, and look for ways to win back the lost cities.
12Now, the king (Ammoron) had departed out of the land of Zarahemla, and had made known unto the queen concerning the death of his brother, and had gathered together a large number of men, and had marched forth against the Nephites on the borders by the west sea. 13And thus he was endeavoring to harass the Nephites, and to draw away a part of their forces to that part of the land, while he had commanded those whom he had left to possess the cities which he had taken, that they should also harass the Nephites on the borders by the east sea, and should take possession of their lands as much as it was in their power, according to the power of their armies. 14And thus were the Nephites in those dangerous circumstances in the ending of the twenty and sixth year of the reign of the judges over the people of Nephi.
Ammoron tells the queen of his brother's death, then attacks in the west to pull Nephite soldiers away from the east.
Alma 52:15-26A Council of War
15But behold, it came to pass in the twenty and seventh year of the reign of the judges, that Teancum, by the command of Moroni—who had established armies to protect the south and the west borders of the land, and had begun his march towards the land Bountiful, that he might assist Teancum with his men in retaking the cities which they had lost— 16And it came to pass that Teancum had received orders to make an attack upon the city of Mulek, and retake it if it were possible. 17And it came to pass that Teancum made preparations to make an attack upon the city of Mulek, and march forth with his army against the Lamanites; but he saw that it was impossible that he could overpower them while they were in their fortifications; therefore he abandoned his designs and returned again to the city Bountiful, to wait for the coming of Moroni, that he might receive strength to his army. 18And it came to pass that Moroni did arrive with his army at the land of Bountiful, in the latter end of the twenty and seventh year of the reign of the judges over the people of Nephi. 19And in the commencement of the twenty and eighth year, Moroni and Teancum and many of the chief captains held a council of war—what they should do to cause the Lamanites to come out against them to battle; or that they might by some means flatter them out of their strongholds, that they might gain advantage over them and take again the city of Mulek. 20And it came to pass they sent embassies to the army of the Lamanites, which protected the city of Mulek, to their leader, whose name was Jacob, desiring him that he would come out with his armies to meet them upon the plains between the two cities. But behold, Jacob, who was a Zoramite, would not come out with his army to meet them upon the plains.
Teancum tries to take Mulek but sees it cannot be done by force. When Moroni arrives, the leaders meet together to plan. The Lamanite commander in Mulek, Jacob, refuses to come out and fight in the open.
21And it came to pass that Moroni, having no hopes of meeting them upon fair grounds, therefore, he resolved upon a plan that he might decoy the Lamanites out of their strongholds. 22Therefore he caused that Teancum should take a small number of men and march down near the seashore; and Moroni and his army, by night, marched in the wilderness, on the west of the city Mulek; and thus, on the morrow, when the guards of the Lamanites had discovered Teancum, they ran and told it unto Jacob, their leader. 23And it came to pass that the armies of the Lamanites did march forth against Teancum, supposing by their numbers to overpower Teancum because of the smallness of his numbers. And as Teancum saw the armies of the Lamanites coming out against him he began to retreat down by the seashore, northward. 24And it came to pass that when the Lamanites saw that he began to flee, they took courage and pursued them with vigor. And while Teancum was thus leading away the Lamanites who were pursuing them in vain, behold, Moroni commanded that a part of his army who were with him should march forth into the city, and take possession of it. 25And thus they did, and slew all those who had been left to protect the city, yea, all those who would not yield up their weapons of war. 26And thus Moroni had obtained possession of the city Mulek with a part of his army, while he marched with the remainder to meet the Lamanites when they should return from the pursuit of Teancum.
Moroni plans a decoy. Teancum leads a small group along the seashore; the Lamanites chase him out of Mulek, and Moroni's men take the nearly empty city.
Alma 52:27-40We Will Forbear Shedding Your Blood
27And it came to pass that the Lamanites did pursue Teancum until they came near the city Bountiful, and then they were met by Lehi and a small army, which had been left to protect the city Bountiful. 28And now behold, when the chief captains of the Lamanites had beheld Lehi with his army coming against them, they fled in much confusion, lest perhaps they should not obtain the city Mulek before Lehi should overtake them; for they were wearied because of their march, and the men of Lehi were fresh. 29Now the Lamanites did not know that Moroni had been in their rear with his army; and all they feared was Lehi and his men. 30Now Lehi was not desirous to overtake them till they should meet Moroni and his army. 31And it came to pass that before the Lamanites had retreated far they were surrounded by the Nephites, by the men of Moroni on one hand, and the men of Lehi on the other, all of whom were fresh and full of strength; but the Lamanites were wearied because of their long march. 32And Moroni commanded his men that they should fall upon them until they had given up their weapons of war.
Near Bountiful the pursuing Lamanites meet Lehi's fresh troops and turn back, straight into Moroni's army. Moroni's order is to fight only until they surrender.
33And it came to pass that Jacob, being their leader, being also a Zoramite, and having an unconquerable spirit, he led the Lamanites forth to battle with exceeding fury against Moroni. 34Moroni being in their course of march, therefore Jacob was determined to slay them and cut his way through to the city of Mulek. But behold, Moroni and his men were more powerful; therefore they did not give way before the Lamanites. 35And it came to pass that they fought on both hands with exceeding fury; and there were many slain on both sides; yea, and Moroni was wounded and Jacob was killed. 36And Lehi pressed upon their rear with such fury with his strong men, that the Lamanites in the rear delivered up their weapons of war; and the remainder of them, being much confused, knew not whither to go or to strike.
Jacob, the Lamanite commander, fights fiercely to break through. Many die on both sides, Moroni is wounded, and Jacob is killed.
37Now Moroni seeing their confusion, he said unto them: If ye will bring forth your weapons of war and deliver them up, behold we will forbear shedding your blood. 38And it came to pass that when the Lamanites had heard these words, their chief captains, all those who were not slain, came forth and threw down their weapons of war at the feet of Moroni, and also commanded their men that they should do the same. 39But behold, there were many that would not; and those who would not deliver up their swords were taken and bound, and their weapons of war were taken from them, and they were compelled to march with their brethren forth into the land Bountiful. 40And now the number of prisoners who were taken exceeded more than the number of those who had been slain, yea, more than those who had been slain on both sides.
Most of the Lamanite captains surrender and order their men to do the same. Those who refuse are bound but not killed. More are taken prisoner than died in the whole battle.
Research trail
Sources & further study
These references support the historical, linguistic, manuscript, and contextual notes in this chapter. Scripture remains the primary text; external sources are provided so readers can inspect the research directly.
- Moroni, CaptainThe Guide's entry on the chief captain of the Nephite armies, with references across Alma 43-63.
- TeancumReferences for Teancum, who leads the decoy march in this chapter.
- Lehi, Nephite Military CommanderThe Guide's entry on the captain Lehi, who is not the prophet Lehi of 1 Nephi.
- WarScriptures on when the Lord's people may defend themselves, and on renouncing war and proclaiming peace.
Where this echoes in Scripture
A New King
- Alma 51:34Teancum stole privily into the tent of the king, and put a javelin to his heart.
- Alma 47:35Thus by his fraud, and by the assistance of his cunning servants, he obtained the kingdom.How Amalickiah had become king.
- Alma 54:16I am the brother of Amalickiah whom ye have murdered. Behold, I will avenge his blood upon you.Ammoron's own words about why he fights.
Preparing and Waiting
- Alma 54:1-3Ammoron sent unto Moroni desiring that he would exchange prisoners.Where Moroni's prisoner order leads.
- Luke 16:10He that is faithful in that which is least is faithful also in much.
- Proverbs 24:6By wise counsel thou shalt make thy war: and in multitude of counsellors there is safety.
- D&C 38:30If ye are prepared ye shall not fear.
A Council of War
- Alma 43:30Moroni... thought it no sin that he should defend them by stratagem.
- Alma 43:23Desiring him that he should inquire of the Lord whither the armies of the Nephites should go.Moroni sought the Lord's counsel as well as his captains'.
- Proverbs 15:22Without counsel purposes are disappointed: but in the multitude of counsellors they are established.
We Will Forbear Shedding Your Blood
- Alma 44:1-2We do not desire to be men of blood.Moroni's earlier offer to Zerahemnah.
- Alma 55:19He did not delight in murder or bloodshed, but he delighted in the saving of his people from destruction.
- 3 Nephi 12:44Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you.
- 2 Kings 6:22Set bread and water before them, that they may eat and drink, and go to their master.Elisha's counsel to spare captured enemies.